Relationship between Human Aging Muscle and Oxidative System Pathway

Doria, Enrico; Buonocore, Daniela; Focarelli, Angela; Marzatico, Fulvio

doi:10.1155/2012/830257

Cited by 101 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Indeed, an imbalance of ROS levels and the presence of markers of oxidative stress is a hallmark in multiple diseases (reviewed in [113][114][115][116][117][118][119]). Interestingly, as I mentioned previously reductive stress can also lead to pathology [120], suggesting that redox alterations can also underlie aging and age-related diseases independently of structural damage caused by ROS [94,95].…”

Section: Is Where Ros Are Produced Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: Do they extend or shorten animal lifespan?

Sanz

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

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Testing the predictions of the Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Ageing (MFRTA) has provided a deep understanding of the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondria in the aging process. However those data, which support MFRTA are in the majority correlative (e.g. increasing oxidative damage with age). In contrast the majority of direct experimental data contradict MFRTA (e.g. changes in ROS levels do not alter longevity as expected). Unfortunately, in the past, ROS measurements have mainly been performed using isolated mitochondria, a method which is prone to experimental artifacts and does not reflect the complexity of the in vivo process. New technology to study different ROS (e.g. superoxide or hydrogen peroxide) in vivo is now available; these new methods combined with state-of-the-art genetic engineering technology will allow a deeper interrogation of, where, when and how free radicals affect aging and pathological processes. In fact data that combine these new approaches, indicate that boosting mitochondrial ROS in lower animals is a way to extend both healthy and maximum lifespan. In this review, I discuss the latest literature focused on the role of mitochondrial ROS in aging, and how these new discoveries are helping to better understand the role of mitochondria in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'EBEC 2016: 19th European Bioenergetics Conference, Riva del Garda, Italy, July 2-6, 2016', edited by Prof. Paolo Bernardi.

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Section: Is Where Ros Are Produced Important?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: Do they extend or shorten animal lifespan?

Sanz

2016

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics

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“…All forms of life maintain a reducing environment within their cells. This reducing environment is preserved by enzymes that maintain the reduced state through a constant input of metabolic energy [5]. Disturbances in this normal redox state can cause toxic effects through the production of peroxides and free radicals that damage all components of the cell, including proteins, lipids and DNA [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Chronic ITP

et al. 2013

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The aim of this study was to establish the antioxidant status and oxidative stress in adult patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Eighty-four patients diagnosed with chronic ITP were studied. Fiftyeight age-matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. Serum nitrogen monoxide ( NO), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), hydrogen peroxide enzyme (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was found that serum SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH, TAS levels were significantly lower in patients with chronic ITP than controls (all P < 0.05), while serum NO, GSSG, MDA, TOS values were significantly higher (P < 0.05). The number of platelet showed a negative correlation with NO, GSSG, MDA, TOS, respectively,while platelet number showed a positive correlation with SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GSH, TAS. These findings suggested that oxidants were increased and antioxidants were decreased in patients with chronic ITP, these may be prominent factors in destructing the platelet membrane. The scavenging of oxygen radical provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of ITP patients.

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“…This corresponds to an oral dose of about 1,000 IU vitamin D, which is considered optimal to providing related health benefits [19]. Free radicals created within the range of natural sunlight irradiation doses (25-50% of 1 minimal erythemal dose), sufficient [20,21] for the general provision of vitamin D, perform under the effective control of the skin's antioxidative regulation and repair systems [6,15,16]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mixture of ROS/LOS in the cells is controlled by a universal multilevel regulative antioxidative system [15,16], warranting a narrow balance between the rate of production and the rate of removal. The ‘double-faced' character of this natural free radical mixture being ‘beneficial' or ‘deleterious' is well established [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radical Threshold Value: A New Universal Body Constant

Zastrow

Doucet

Ferrero

et al. 2015

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Three evolutionary sources create ‘primary' reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ‘secondary' lipid oxygen species (LOS), forming the human body's ‘free radical ground state'. We present evidence for the existence of a universal free radical threshold value (FRTV), defining the borderline between advantageous and adverse effects of free radicals observed above the free radical ground state. Based on standard vitamin D doses, the calculated amount of ∼3.5 × 10¹² rad/mg ROS/LOS tissue represents the tolerated number of free radicals in skin tissue - defined as FRTV. By means of quantitative ESR x-band spectroscopy, the FRTV was experimentally verified using ex vivo human skin irradiated with ultraviolet + visible (UV + VIS), UVB + UVA and VIS light. In addition, we investigated whether this threshold is also existent in internal organs by extending our experiment to fresh porcine liver. Based on the determination of ROS/LOS below and above the FRTV, ROS > LOS was characterized as beneficial and LOS > ROS as deleterious to the organism, respectively. Results of the experiments using porcine liver confirmed the appearance of the FRTV at radical generation ∼3.5 × 10¹² rad/mg. The relation ROS/LOS before and after the FRTV was consistent with the results determined for the skin. We conclude that the FRTV, theoretically calculated and experimentally confirmed, should be considered as a new ‘universal body constant'.

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Relationship between Human Aging Muscle and Oxidative System Pathway

Cited by 101 publications

References 121 publications

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: Do they extend or shorten animal lifespan?

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species: Do they extend or shorten animal lifespan?

Antioxidant Status and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Chronic ITP

Free Radical Threshold Value: A New Universal Body Constant

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