Relationship between human genetic factors and Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity of msp1, msp2 and glurp in a malaria endemic area of Burkina Faso

Abstract

Human genetic factors mechanisms are known to protect against malaria. However, the mechanism underlying the influence of human genetic variation on Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum) genetic diversity is still a research purpose. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of haemoglobin variants and Glucose-6-Phosphate-Dehydrogenase (G6PD) variation on the P. falciparum merozoite surface protein (msp1, msp2), and the glutamate rich protein (glurp) genetic diversity in children living in Burkina Faso (BF). A cross-sectional study was carried out at Banfora and Saponé health districts and 386 children less than five years were enrolled. DNA collected from each sample was extracted using chelex-100 method and then analyzed by a nested PCR of msp1, msp2 and glurp genes while the human genetic resistance factors background was assessed by RFLP-PCR. A total of 112 (29.02%) subjects were classified as abnormal haemoglobin and 37 (9.59%.) were identified as G6PD deficiency The distribution of the msp1 and msp2 allelic families was not different according to haemoglobin type (p=0.70 and 0.90 respectively) and G6PD type (p=0.89 and 0.82 respectively). The prevalence of the glurp gene was 93.00% and there was no statistical difference in its distribution according to the human factors (p=0.24 and p=0.95 for haemoglobin and G6PD types respectively). The analysis of the mean multiplicity of P. falciparum infection (MOI) based on haemoglobin variants showed msp1 with high values 2.96 and 3.12 for Normal haemoglobin and Abnormal haemoglobin respectively. However, according to the G6PD type, there were no differences of MOIs between normal G6PD and deficient G6PD carriers. The study showed the P. falciparum genetic diversity was not affected by human genetic factors based on the analysis of msp1, msp2 and glurp.

Plasmodium falciparum Genetic Diversity and Resistance Genotype Profile in Infected Placental Samples Collected After Delivery in Ouagadougou

“… 13 On the other hand, they are different from previous studies in Africa. Indeed, the Soulama’s studies in 2009 9 and Badoum 14 in 2019 in Burkina Faso and Hounto’s in Benin in 2013 15 reported that the K1 and FC27 allelic families were the most predominant one for msp-1 for msp-2 respectively. The predominance of RO33 and 3D7 alleles in our study could be explained by the effect of IPT/SP in favour of an increase in the “biological fitness” of these parasitic clones.…”