Relationship between indexed epicardial fat volume and coronary plaque volume assessed by cardiac multidetector CT

Abstract

We explored whether baseline indexed epicardial fat volume (EFVi) and serial changes in EFVi were associated with increase in coronary plaque volume as assessed by multidetector computed tomography.We retrospectively reviewed 87 patients with coronary artery plaque, identified during either baseline or follow-up cardiac computed tomography (CT) examinations. Each plaque volume was measured in volumetric units using a semiautomatic software tool. EFVi was quantified by calculating the total volume of epicardial tissue of CT density −190 to −30 HU, indexed to the body surface area. Clinical cardiovascular risk factors were extracted by medical record review at the time of the cardiac CT examinations. The relationship between EFVi and coronary plaque volume was explored by regression analysis.Although the EFVi did not change significantly from baseline to the time of the follow-up CT (65.7 ± 21.8 vs 66.0 ± 21.8 cm3/m3, P = 0.620), the plaque volumes were increased significantly on the follow-up CT scans. The annual change in EFVi was not accompanied by a parallel change in coronary plaque volume (P = 0.096–0.500). On univariate analysis, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, 10-year coronary heart disease risk, obesity, and baseline EFVi predicted rapid increases in lipid-rich and fibrous plaque volumes. On multivariate analysis, baseline EFVi (odds ratio = 1.029, P = 0.016) was an independent predictor of a rapid increase in lipid-rich plaque volume.EFVi was shown to be an independent predictor of a rapid increase in lipid-rich plaque volume. However, changes in EFVi were not associated with parallel changes in coronary plaque volume.

Indexed Left Atrial Adipose Tissue Area Is Associated With Severity of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Among Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation

“…Our findings show that iLAEAT is an independent predictor of AF burden and recurrence that may be clinically useful. Our hypothesis is supported by other investigations showing that indexed epicardial fat volume is tightly associated with major adverse cardiovascular events as well as coronary plaque volume ( 37 , 38 ).…”

Effect of maternal pre-pregnancy underweight and average gestational weight gain on physical growth and intellectual development of early school-aged children

“…With regards to gestational weight gain, weight gains below the required amount for the products of conception have been hypothesized to be associated with delayed development via inadequate fetal growth or maternal ketosis 40 . Our previous results emphasis the importance of prenatal multi-micronutrients on increasing birthweight compared to the control group 21 , and the long-term effect of birthweight was also found on further intellectual development and physical growth 7 . In addition, postnatal nutritional factors, such as protein intake or breastfeeding, may also affect early child development 41 , 42 , although this pathway could be either biological or behavioral.…”

“…Recent research suggests that offspring of underweight mothers may also have impaired intellectual development. Maternal underweight is a known risk factor for low birth weight which is predictor of adverse brain development 6 , 7 . In addition, evidence from the US cohort study showed low pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with increased risk of delayed intellectual development of 2-year-old children 8 .…”

“…For childhood physical growth, many studies also determined the negative effect of malnutrition on their motor, cognitive and social-emotional development 7 , 16 , 17 . For childhood intellectual development, results from a series of population-based prospective cohort studies indicated that childhood intelligence quotient (IQ) is associated with further leadership success and school achievement and is inversely associated with several health outcomes ascertained in later life 18 – 20 .…”

Clinical utility of early postoperative cardiac multidetector computed tomography after coronary artery bypass grafting

“…coronary ct angiography. Cardiac CT examinations were performed using a machine and protocol that we employed previously 19,24 . A prospective ECG tube current modulation technique were used.…”