Relationship Between Iron Status and Chronic Akathisia in an In-patient Population with Chronic Schizophrenia

Barnes, Thomas R. E.; Halstead, Simon; P, Little

doi:10.1192/bjp.161.6.791

Cited by 29 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several authors have found decreased serum iron in patients suffering from akathisia (Barnes & Braude, 1985;Brown et al, 1987), but others (Nemes et al, 1991;Barnes et al, 1992) did not replicate this finding. All of these studies assayed morning serum iron only.…”

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confidence: 56%

Decrease of Serum Iron in Acutely Psychotic Schizophrenic Patients

Weiser

Neuman

et al. 1994

International Journal of Neuroscience

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Iron deficiency has been shown to effect the dopaminergic system. Iron deficient rats have low dopamine D2 receptor levels and modified dopamine-mediated behaviors, including reversal of circadian cycles of these behaviors. Abnormal iron deposits have been found in the brains of schizophrenics in CT and post mortum studies. We examined serum iron levels at 0800, 1700 and 2400 hours in 26 medication free schizophrenic patients in acute psychotic relapse and compared them to iron levels in a normal control group. The results show significant decreases in the iron levels at 1700 and 2400, and a non significant drop in the 0800 levels. A feedback mechanism involving iron and dopamine is proposed.

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confidence: 56%

Decrease of Serum Iron in Acutely Psychotic Schizophrenic Patients

Weiser

Neuman

et al. 1994

International Journal of Neuroscience

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“…Some evidence suggests a role for iron deficiency in chronic and tardive akathisia, which is associated with reduced dopamine activity due to the use of dopamine antagonists. Results from previous studies investigating the association between akathisia and iron deficiency in patients with psychosis have been inconsistent; in patients with chronic psychotic disorders, akathisia was found to be associated with decreased plasma ferritin and iron levels [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], whereas no association between iron indices and akathisia was observed in other studies of chronic and acute akathisia [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Latent Iron Deficiency as a Marker of Negative Symptoms in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder

Kim

Stewart

Woo-Young³

et al. 2018

Nutrients

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Iron deficiency may alter dopaminergic transmission in the brain. This study investigated whether iron metabolism is associated with negative symptoms in patients with first-episode psychosis. The study enrolled 121 patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder, whose duration of treatment was 2 months or less. Negative symptoms were measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (Dimensional) scale of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Prominent negative symptoms were defined as moderate or severe negative symptoms on the Dimensional scale of the DSM-5. Iron deficiency was defined as a serum ferritin ≤ 20 ng/mL. Patients with iron deficiency were significantly more likely to have prominent negative symptoms (45.2 vs. 22.2%; p = 0.014) and a higher PANSS negative symptoms score (p = 0.046) than those with normal ferritin levels. Patients with prominent negative symptoms had significantly lower ferritin levels (p = 0.025). The significance of these results remained after controlling for the duration of illness and other confounding variables. Our finding of an independent association between iron deficiency and negative symptoms in patients at the very early stage of illness implies that iron dysregulation has an effect on negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The possibility of therapeutic intervention with iron should be further investigated.

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“…Für Olanzapin wurden in ersten Studien 7%, für Sertindol Werte zwischen 5 und 10% gefunden (Beasley et al, 1996;Dunn u. Fitton, 1996;Street et al, 1996;Zimbroff et al, 1996). Auch Quetiapine ruft vermutlich seltener eine Akathisie hervor (Wetzel et al, 1995) al., 1994) und der Pseudoakathisie zwischen 18 und 41 %( Barnes et al, 1992;Brown u. White, 1991;Halstead et al, 1994;Munetz u. Cornes, 1982) (Tab.…”

Section: Prävalenz/lnzidenzunclassified

Akathisie

Brüne¹,

Bräunig²

1997

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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The syndrome of akathisia typically consists of a subjective component, e.g. inner restlessness and an urge to move, and observable symptoms such as restless legs and inability to sit still. In most cases akathisia is caused by neuroleptics. There are several subtypes of akathisia according to the time of onset in the course of neuroleptic treatment. In clinical routine extrapyramidal motor disturbances are often underestimated or misinterpreted. As far as akathisia is concerned, differential diagnosis of restlessness or of repetitive movement patterns may be problematic. Non-compliance and impulsive behaviour are regarded as possible complications of akathisia, but systematic investigations are lacking. The pathophysiology of akathisia is not clear, but it probably differs from other pharmacologically induced motor disturbances. If warrantable, the first step in akathisia treatment is dose-reduction of the causing agent. Anticholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, and beta-receptor blockers may be effective. Clinical assessment and survey of the patient's behaviour, e.g. during occupational therapy and group therapy is important for an early diagnosis of akathisia so that complications may be minimised.

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Relationship Between Iron Status and Chronic Akathisia in an In-patient Population with Chronic Schizophrenia

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

Decrease of Serum Iron in Acutely Psychotic Schizophrenic Patients

Decrease of Serum Iron in Acutely Psychotic Schizophrenic Patients

Latent Iron Deficiency as a Marker of Negative Symptoms in Patients with First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder

Akathisie

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