Relationship Between Mercury in Blood and 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Greenlanders and Danes

Pedersen, E. B.; Jørgensen, Marit Eika; Pedersen, Michael; Siggaard, Charlotte; Sørensen, Torben; Mulvad, Gert; Hansen, Jens Christian; Asmund, Gert; Skjoldborg, H

doi:10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.11.022

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In accord with this, pulse pressure was associated with blood mercury (Pedersen et al, 2005 In a study of a non-indigenous fish-eating population in the Brazilian Amazon, Fillion et al (2006) found an OR of 2.91 (1.26 -7.28, supposedly denoting 95 % CI) for elevated systolic blood pressure for individuals with hair mercury above 10 mg/kg. In addition, the risk for elevated diastolic blood pressure was increased.…”

Section: Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability/cardiac Autonomy Imentioning

confidence: 85%

Scientific Opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food

2012

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465

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EFSA was asked by the European Commission to consider new developments regarding inorganic mercury and methylmercury toxicity and evaluate whether the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) provisional tolerable weekly intakes for methylmercury of 1.6 µg/kg body weight (b.w.) and of 4 µg/kg b.w. for inorganic mercury were still appropriate. In line with JECFA, the CONTAM Panel established a tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for inorganic mercury of 4 µg/kg b.w., expressed as mercury. For methylmercury, new developments in epidemiological studies from the Seychelles Child Developmental Study Nutrition Cohort have indicated that n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish may counteract negative effects from methylmercury exposure. Together with the information that beneficial nutrients in fish may have confounded previous adverse outcomes in child cohort studies from the Faroe Islands, the Panel established a TWI for methylmercury of 1.3 µg/kg b.w., expressed as mercury. The mean dietary exposure across age groups does not exceed the TWI for methylmercury, with the exception of toddlers and other children in some surveys. The 95 th percentile dietary exposure is close to or above the TWI for all age groups. High fish consumers, which might include pregnant women, may exceed the TWI by up to approximately six-fold. Unborn children constitute the most vulnerable group. Biomonitoring data from blood and hair indicate that methylmercury exposure is generally below the TWI in Europe, but higher levels are also observed. Exposure to methylmercury above the TWI is of concern. If measures to reduce methylmercury exposure are considered, the potential beneficial effects of fish consumption should also be taken into account. Dietary inorganic mercury exposure in Europe does not exceed the TWI, but inhalation exposure of elemental mercury from dental amalgam is likely to increase the internal inorganic mercury exposure; thus the TWI might be exceeded. This opinion focuses only on the risks related to dietary inorganic mercury and methylmercury exposure and does not assess the nutritional benefits linked to certain foods (e.g. fish and other seafood).A call for annual collection of chemical contaminant occurrence data in food and feed, including mercury, was issued by EFSA in December 2010. In response, EFSA received 59 820 results on mercury in food from 20 European countries, mainly covering the period from 2004 to 2011. A total number of 59 650 results were described with sufficient detail to be used in the statistical analysis of the respective food groups; 98.2 % of the samples were for total mercury, 1.8 % for methylmercury and three samples for inorganic mercury.All the 20 food groups available at the first level of FoodEx were covered in the current data collection. The food groups 'Fish and other seafood' and 'Meat and meat products' dominated the food product coverage with 36.8 % and 17.6 % respectively. These were followed by 'Grain and grain-based products' at 7.8 % and 'Vegetables an...

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Section: Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability/cardiac Autonomy Imentioning

confidence: 85%

Scientific Opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food

2012

EFS2

465

160

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“…Although the fetus seems susceptible to a mercury impact, recent studies suggest that mercury could also affect BP in environmentally exposed adults. 11,12,14,15 Pedersen et al 11 observed an increase in PP and a decrease in DBP in Greenlanders whose diet is based on traditional food. On the other hand, Fillion et al 12 reported a higher risk of increased SBP among subjects with higher mercury hair levels.…”

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confidence: 99%

Environmental Mercury Exposure and Blood Pressure Among Nunavik Inuit Adults

2009

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Abstract-Epidemiological evidence suggests a negative impact of methylmercury on the cardiovascular system, but findings regarding the effect on blood pressure (BP) are not consistent. We aimed to study the impact of mercury levels on BP among Nunavik Inuit adults. The health survey Qanuippitaa? was conducted in Nunavik (northern Quebec, Canada), and data were obtained from 732 Inuit Ն18 years of age. Anthropometric blood samples, as well as systolic BP and diastolic BP, were assessed. Pulse pressure (systolic BPϪdiastolic BP) was calculated. Mercury blood concentration was used as a biomarker of recent exposure. Simple relations between mercury and BP parameters were studied by using the Pearson correlation, whereas multiple regressions were performed to control for confounders.

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“…We have previously shown that higher hair mercury content is associated with increased risk of CVD in men in this study population. 19,31 Other studies have found a positive association between mercury exposure and blood pressure not only in populations with high mercury exposure, [20][21][22][23] but also among non-fish consumers. 37 However, our Long-chain n-3 PUFA, mercury and blood pressure JK Virtanen et al results indicate that a moderate mercury exposure is not associated with blood pressure, and also the overall evidence regarding the association between mercury exposure and blood pressure is considered weak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…19 Mercury has also been associated with blood pressure in other, but mainly highly exposed study populations. [20][21][22][23] However, little is known about the relationship in populations with low to moderate exposure levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, methylmercury and blood pressure in an older population

et al. 2012

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Fish or fish oil consumption has been associated with lower blood pressure. Fish may also contain methylmercury, which has been associated with cardiovascular diseases and higher blood pressure. Our aim was to study the associations of serum long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), mainly reflecting fish or fish oil intake, and hair mercury concentration with blood pressure. Data were available for 848 men and 909 women from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study, aged 53-73 years. We excluded participants with ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes or hypertension treatment, leaving 396 men and 372 women. Log-transformed values were used to study the associations. The mean serum concentrations were 1.63% (s.d. 0.91) for EPA, 0.77% (s.d. 0.16) for DPA and 2.73% (s.d. 0.90) for DHA of all serum fatty acids. Multivariate-adjusted serum EPA þ DPA þ DHA was associated with lower systolic blood pressure (b ¼ À4.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) À8.02-À0.99) and pulse pressure (b ¼ À4.41, 95% CI À6.95-À1.87), but not with diastolic blood pressure (b ¼ À0.45, 95% CI À2.31-1.52). The associations were similar with EPA, DPA and DHA evaluated individually. The mean hair mercury concentration was 1.42 lg g À1 (s.d. 1.54). Hair mercury was not associated with blood pressure and it did not modify the association between PUFA and blood pressure. These results suggest that higher serum long-chain n-3 PUFA concentration has a modest inverse association with blood pressure in older men and women.

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Relationship Between Mercury in Blood and 24-h Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Greenlanders and Danes

Cited by 50 publications

References 24 publications

Scientific Opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food

Scientific Opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food

Environmental Mercury Exposure and Blood Pressure Among Nunavik Inuit Adults

Serum long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, methylmercury and blood pressure in an older population

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