Relationship between multimorbidity and sociodemographic factors, depressive symptoms, and lifestyle in middle-aged adults

Abstract

Introduction: Multimorbidity (MM) is associated with high mortality, disability, more frequent use of both inpatient and outpatient care, lower quality of life, and increased psychological distress and polypharmacy. As a result, MM has recently been recognized as one of the most difficult challenges faced by the global healthcare system. Consequently, identifying the factors that accompany MM may be key for the improvement of overall health in every population, and for the provision of appropriate medical care to patients. Aim of the research:To assess the prevalence of MM and the associated factors in middle-aged adults. Material and methods:The research material consisted of 12,113 persons aged from 40 to 64 years. The backward stepwise regression method was used to identify factors associated with MM. Sociodemographic data and information about depressive symptoms and lifestyle were analysed. Results: A higher likelihood of MM was observed in older individuals of both genders (p < 0.001) who declared more problems related to mental health (p < 0.001), took painkillers regularly, were former smokers, drank less alcohol, and declared abnormal sleeping time (both too short and too long). In addition, MM was associated with a longer sitting time in men and shorter vigorous physical activity in women. Conclusions: MM is a frequent problem in adults aged between 40 and 64 years, which necessitates the development of a strategy for the prevention and treatment of MM in middle-aged adults. The complexity of factors related to MM indicates a need to ensure that such patients receive coordinated care from multidisciplinary teams. StreszczenieWprowadzenie: Wielochorobowość wiąże się z wysoką śmiertelnością, niepełnosprawnością, częstszym korzystaniem przez chorych z opieki zarówno szpitalnej, jak i ambulatoryjnej, z niższą jakością życia, zwiększonym stresem psychicznym i polipragmazją, dlatego ostatnio została uznana za jedno z największych wyzwań stojących przed globalnym systemem opieki zdrowotnej. Zidentyfikowanie czynników towarzyszących wielochorobowości może mieć kluczowe znaczenie dla poprawy ogólnego stanu zdrowia każdej populacji i zapewnienia właściwej opieki lekarskiej pacjentom. Cel pracy: Ocena występowania wielochorobowości i powiązanych z nią czynników u dorosłych w średnim wieku. Materiał i metody: Materiał badawczy stanowiły dane 12 113 osób w wieku od 40 do 64 lat. W celu wyodrębnienia czynników związanych z wielochorobowością zastosowano metodę regresji krokowej wstecznej. Analizie poddano zmienne socjodemograficzne, a także informacje na temat objawów depresji i stylu życia. Wyniki: Większe prawdopodobieństwo wielochorobowości u obu płci występowało u osób w starszym wieku (p < 0,001), deklarujących większą liczbę problemów związanych ze zdrowiem psychicznym (p < 0,001), przyjmujących regularnie tabletki przeciwbólowe, palących w przeszłości, pijących mniej alkoholu i deklarujących nieprawidłowy czas snu (zarówno zbyt krótki, jak i zbyt długi). Dodatkowo z wielochorobowością u mężczyzn był powiązany ...

Relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults

“…. The covariates were selected based on a review of the subject literature [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and a previous study [21]. The data were analysed using STATISTICA 13.3 software (STATSOFT, PL).…”

“…The answers were scored as 1 point or 0 points. The participants were then divided into three tercile groups based on their total scores (from 0 to 8 points): no or mild depressive symptoms (0-2 points), moderate depressive symptoms (3-5 points), and severe depressive symptoms (6-8 points) [21].…”

Relationship between the number of lost teeth and the occurrence of depressive symptoms in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study

“…The answers were scored as 1 point or 0 points. The participants were then divided into three tercile groups based on their total scores (from 0 to 8 points): no or mild depressive symptoms (0–2 points), moderate depressive symptoms (3–5 points), and severe depressive symptoms (6–8 points) [ 21 ]. The respondents were also asked about the use of antidepressants and whether they had experienced any stressful life events in the last year, such as a serious disease or injury or death or serious disease of a close family member.…”

“…The goodness-of-fit model was assessed using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The covariates were selected based on a review of the subject literature [ 7 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 23 – 29 ] and a previous study [ 21 ] (Fig. 1 ).…”

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Fig. 1 Relationship between dependent and independent variables and confounders [ 7 – 15 , 17 , 18 , 21 , 23 – 29 ]

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