Relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Visceral Fat Measured by Imaging-Based Body Composition Analysis: A Systematic Review

Seaw, Ker Ming; Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar; Bi, Xinyan

doi:10.3390/livers3030033

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 64 publications

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“…Adiposopathy is the combination of the accumulation of VAT and ectopic fat, inflammation, impaired adipose tissue expandability and adipogenesis, hypertrophy, and altered lipid metabolism [14]. In other studies, VATob has been shown to significantly increase the development of NAFLD [46], which is in accordance with our results. In fact, subjects with NAFLD were classified as VATob 2.1-times more than subjects without NAFLD, a difference greater than the observed for TAFAob and SATob.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome’s effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017–2018

Elguezabal Rodelo,

Porchia,

Torres‐Rasgado

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background The aim was to evaluate the effect different types of abdominal fat have on NAFLD development and the effects of abdominal fat has on the association between Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and NALFD. Methods Data was collected from the cross-sectional NHANES dataset (2017–2018 cycle). Using the controlled attenuation parameter (USG CAP, dB/m), which measures the level of steatosis, the cohort was stratified into two groups: NAFLD(+) (≥274 dB/m) and NAFLD(-). Using complex samples analyses, associations between liver steatosis or NAFLD and types of abdominal fat area [Total abdominal (TAFA), subcutaneous (SAT), and visceral (VAT)] were determined. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was calculated to evaluate the associations between adipose tissues and NAFLD. Logistic regression was used to determine the risk [odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI)]. Participants were also classified by MetS, using the Harmonizing Definition criteria. Results Using 1,980 participants (96,282,896 weighted), there was a significant (p<0.001) correlation between USG CAP and TAFA (r = 0.569), VAT (r = 0.645), and SAT (r = 0.479). Additionally, the risk of developing NAFLD was observed for total abdominal obesity (OR = 19.9, 95%CI: 5.1–77.8, p<0.001), visceral obesity (OR = 9.1, 95%CI: 6.2–13.5, p<0.001) and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 4.8, 95%CI: 3.2–6.9, p<0.001). Using 866 participants (44,399,696 weighted), for visceral obesity, participants with MetS and visceral obesity (OR = 18.1, 95%CI: 8.0–41.3, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than participants with MetS only (OR = 6.3, 95%CI: 2.6–15.2, p<0.001). For subcutaneous obesity, again, participants with MetS and subcutaneous obesity (OR = 18.3, 95%CI: 8.0–41.9, p<0.001) were shown to have a greater risk than the MetS-only group (OR = 10.3, 95%CI: 4.8–22.4, p<0.001). Conclusion TAFA, VAT, and SAT were positively associated with USG CAP values and increased the risk of developing NAFLD. Also, the type of abdominal fat depots did affect the association between MetS and NAFLD.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome’s effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017–2018

Elguezabal Rodelo,

Porchia,

Torres‐Rasgado

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Interrelationships Among Accumulations of Intra- and Periorgan Fats, Visceral Fat, and Subcutaneous Fat

Mitsushio,

Baden,

Kagisaki

et al. 2024

Diabetes

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We aimed to clarify the relationship between intra- and peri-organ fat, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat. We used abdominal CT to evaluate intra- and peri-organ fat accumulations in the pancreas, liver, spleen, renal parenchyma, renal sinus, and skeletal muscle. The relationships between these fats, visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat were examined by using the partial correlation and covariance analysis, adjusting for BMI. We found that visceral fat and each intraand peri-organ fat accumulation were positively correlated, whereas subcutaneous fat and the accumulation of each intra- and peri-organ fat and visceral fat were negatively correlated. Pancreas fat, liver fat, renal sinus fat, and skeletal muscle fat accumulated significantly more in people with excessive visceral fat accumulation than in those without excessive visceral fat accumulation (p = 0.01, 0.006, 0.008, 0.02, respectively). In conclusion, intra- and peri-organ fat accumulation in each organ shows a positive correlation with visceral fat and a negative correlation with subcutaneous fat, independent of BMI.

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Inappropriate Diet Exacerbates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease via Abdominal Obesity

Xiang,

Tian,

Wang

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a refined categorization of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), highlighting the intricate relationship between hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction. Abdominal obesity (AO), a key diagnostic criterion for metabolic dysfunction, predominantly results from inappropriate diet and unhealthy dietary habits. To comprehensively investigate which dietary factors contribute to MASLD through AO and to understand the underlying biological mechanisms, we initially conducted a systematic review of meta-analysis articles in the PubMed database from the past decade, summarizing dietary factors that affect AO. Subsequently, we conducted targeted searches in the PubMed database for these dietary factors and provided a narrative review of the mechanisms of how these dietary factors lead to AO and how AO exacerbates MASLD. A diet characterized by excessive intake of energy, carbohydrates, fructose, or ultra-processed foods (UPFs) is considered inappropriate. Inappropriate diet leads to the formation of MASLD and AO by enhancing pathways such as de novo lipid synthesis (DNL) in the liver, insulin resistance (IR), gut–liver dysfunction, and inflammation. Dietary interventions for inappropriate diets can effectively intervene in and improve MASLD and AO. The mechanism of inappropriate diet on abdominal fat deposition is through excessive energy or the activation of the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1) to increase endocortisol secretion. Then, the excessive accumulation of visceral fat facilitates a rapid and augmented flux of free fatty acids (FFAs) to the liver and initiates a series of deleterious effects, including oxidative stress (OS), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), activation of protein kinase C (PKC) pathways, and inflammation. Additionally, FFAs may mediate excessive lipid deposition and hepatocellular damage through the action of hormones. These pathways to liver damage exacerbate MASLD and progression to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and fibrosis. Furthermore, investigating other potential mechanisms by which AO may influence MASLD could offer new recommendations for the treatment guidelines of MASLD.

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Relationship between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Visceral Fat Measured by Imaging-Based Body Composition Analysis: A Systematic Review

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome’s effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017–2018

Visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease while augmenting Metabolic Syndrome’s effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017–2018

Interrelationships Among Accumulations of Intra- and Periorgan Fats, Visceral Fat, and Subcutaneous Fat

Inappropriate Diet Exacerbates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease via Abdominal Obesity

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