Relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the elderly agricultural and fishing population of Taiwan

Shen, Hsiu-Nien; Zhao, Zihao; Hu, Yichun; Chen, Yu-Fen; Tung, Tao‐Hsin

doi:10.2147/cia.s59538

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Liver function was higher in the obese AS patients, and had positive correlation with all obesity indices. Higher BMI and ALT levels were related to severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 35 . Visceral fat has been found to be an important source of pro‐inflammatory adipokines, 36 and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis compared to subcutaneous fat 37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of obesity with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with ankylosing spondylitis

et al. 2020

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Aim To investigate total and central obesity in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and assess the association with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods There were 105 AS patients enrolled. Anthropometry was measured to determine total (body mass index [BMI]) and central obesity (waist circumference [WC], waist‐to‐height ratio [WHtR]). We evaluated patients’ disease activity, functional ability, global assessment, physical mobility, radiographic damage and health index. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C‐reactive protein (CRP) and blood biochemistry profile were tested. Retrospective radiographic change was assessed in 39 patients. Presence of diabetes and hypertension were examined. Results The obese AS patients had higher inflammation (CRP), disease activity (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score [ASDAS] ‐ CRP), physical mobility (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index [BASMI]), radiographic damage (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score [m‐SASSS]), liver function and blood pressure (all P < .05). Obesity (BMI, WC, WHtR) positively correlated with inflammation (CRP), physical mobility (BASMI), radiographic damage (m‐SASSS), health index (Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Health Index), liver function and blood pressure (all P < .05). Moreover, presence of central obesity (WC, WHtR) had correlation with disease activity (ASDAS‐CRP) (r = .218, P = .027; r = .221, P = .025), and predicted longitudinal radiographic change (m‐SASSS) (standard coefficient = 0.300, P = .041; standard coefficient = 0.288, P = .045). Importantly, central obesity was better in predicting high inflammation, disease activity, physical mobility, radiographic damage and health index in AS, and WHtR was the best for predicting m‐SASSS (area under the curve = 0.734, P < .001). Obesity was associated with increased risk of diabetes and hypertension in AS. Conclusion Obesity was associated with higher inflammation, disease activity, physical mobility, radiographic damage, health index, liver function and cardiovascular risk factors in AS. Central obesity could predict a patient's longitudinal radiographic change. Central obesity is a useful predictor for high disease severity in AS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher BMI and ALT levels were related to severe nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. 35 Visceral fat has been found to be an important source of pro-inflammatory adipokines, 36 and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis compared to subcutaneous fat. 37 Systolic/diastolic blood pressure had correlation with all obesity indices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of obesity with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with ankylosing spondylitis

et al. 2020

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“…BMI was confirmed as the most useful predictive factor for NAFLD onset in both sexes in a community-based retrospective longitudinal cohort study [ 54 ]. The sensitivity and specificity of body mass index (BMI) as a marker of NAFLD was estimated at 81% and 84%, respectively [ 55 ]. Meanwhile, another predictive factor for NAFLD, uric acid, was reportedly responsible for lipid metabolism impairment, including mitochondrial oxidative stress [ 56 ], sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) activation induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress [ 57 ], and NLRP3 inflammasome involvement[ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between the hyperuricemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in a Chinese population: A retrospective cohort study

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease associated with high levels of serum uric acid (SUA). However, whether this relationship applies in obese subjects has been unclear, and no cohort study has previously been conducted in non-obese subjects. We therefore performed a retrospective cohort study among employees of seven companies in China to investigate whether hyperuricemia was independently associated with NAFLD in obese and non-obese subjects, respectively. A total of 2383 initially NAFLD-free subjects were followed up for four years, and 15.2% (363/2383) developed NAFLD. Hyperuricemia subjects had a higher cumulative incidence than did those with normouricemia (29.0% vs. 12.9%, P<0.001). Cox proportional hazard regression analyses showed that baseline hyperuricemia was significantly associated with risk of developing NAFLD in non-obese subjects. This relationship was significantly independent of baseline age, gender, metabolic syndrome components, and other clinical variables (RR = 1.389, 95%CI: 1.051–2.099). However, this association did not exist in obese subjects (RR = 1.010, 95%CI: 0.649–1.571). The independent effect of hyperuricemia on NAFLD was stronger in females (RR = 2.138, 95%CI: 1.050–4.355) than in males (RR = 1.435, 95%CI: 1.021–2.018). In conclusion, further studies are needed to explore the different mechanisms between obese and non-obese subjects, and the reason hyperuricemia raises NAFLD risk in females more than in males.

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“…The main explanatory variable was Mets, which was diagnosed using the adult treatment panel III criteria, 18 , 19 namely, the presence of at least 3 of the following 5 risk factors: central obesity (waist circumference ≥90 cm in Asian men or ≥80 cm in Asian women), low HDL-C (fasting HDL-C ≤40 mg/dL for men or ≤50 mg/dL for women), elevated blood pressure (systolic ≥130 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥85 mm Hg, or antihypertensive drug treatment in a patient with a history of hypertension), hypertriglyceridemia (fasting plasma TGs ≥150 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated TGs), and hyperglycemia (fasting glucose level ≥100 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated glucose).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Metabolic Syndrome and its Components With Mortality in the Elderly

Yen

Lin

et al. 2015

Medicine

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Available evidence shows that metabolic syndrome (Mets) has clear adverse effects for middle-aged and pre-elderly adults; however, the effect of Mets on mortality among elderly adults remains unclear. In addition, the comparative utility of Mets and its component for predicting mortality among the elderly has not been clearly established. Using data from a large Taiwanese cohort, we evaluated the effect of Mets and its components on subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality overtime among the elderly.A total of 73,547 elders (age ≥65 years) participated in the Taipei Elderly Health Examination Program from 2007 to 2010. Mets was diagnosed using the adult treatment panel III criteria, and mortality was ascertained by using national death records. Time-dependent analysis was used to evaluate associations of Mets and its components with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and expanded CVD mortality.This retrospective cohort study found that 42.6% of elders had Mets. During 194,057 person-years of follow-up, 2944 deaths were observed. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities, Mets was associated with increased risk of expanded CVD mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.27; 95% CI, 1.10–1.46) but not all-cause or CVD mortality. Among Mets components, decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13–1.37) and hyperglycemia (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.12–1.31) were associated with a significant increase in all-cause mortality. Hypertension and low HDL-C were predictors of CVD mortality and expanded CVD mortality, and, as compared with Mets, were associated with a higher risk of expanded CVD mortality.The present findings indicate that, in elderly adults, individual components of Mets are better predictors of all-cause and cause-specific mortality than is Mets as a whole. Our results suggest that future efforts should focus on preventing and managing individual risk factors (particularly hypertension, low HDL-C, and hyperglycemia) rather than on “diagnosing” Mets in elders.

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Relationship between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the elderly agricultural and fishing population of Taiwan

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

Association of obesity with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Association of obesity with inflammation, disease severity and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Association between the hyperuricemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk in a Chinese population: A retrospective cohort study

Associations of Metabolic Syndrome and its Components With Mortality in the Elderly

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