Relationship Between Parenting Pattern And Stunting

Abstract

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan kondisi gagal tumbuh anak berusia di bawah lima tahun (balita) akibat kekurangan gizi kronis yang ditandai dengan nilai z-score tinggi badan menurut umur (TB/U) kurang dari -2SD / standar deviasi (stunted) dan kurang dari -3SD (severely stunted) (Kemenkes RI, 2021). Kasus stunting dunia mencapai 22% dengan jumlah mencapai 149,2 juta anak (Unicef, 2020). Indonesia menduduki peringkat kelima dunia untuk jumlah anak dengan stunting (Permenkes Nomor 2, 2020). Berdasarkan Profil Kementerian Kesehatan RI, 2021 Indonesia persentasi balita stunting usia 0-59 bulan sebesar 2,5% balita sangat pendek dan sebesar 7% balita pendek. Lampung menunjukkan prevalensi balita stunting sebanyak 15,2% sedangkan Kabupaten Lampung Utara (24,7%) (SSGI Provinsi Lampung). Data Profil UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima jumlah anak stunting 92 anak, dimana stunting usia 0-23 bulan berjumlah 38 anak dan yang berusia 24-59 bulan lebih banyak yaitu 54 anak.Tujuan: diketahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan stunting di UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima tahun 2023.Metode: Jenis penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Populasi dan sample dalam penelitian ini adalah 54 balita stunting usia 24-59 bulan di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima tahun 2023. Dengan menggunakan Teknik Total Sampling. Analisa data secara univariat dan bivariat dengan menggunakan chi-square.Hasil: menunjukan bahwa distribusi frekuensi balita stunting kategori pendek berjumlah 43 (79,6%) dan balita stunting kategori sangat pendek berjumlah 11 (20,4%). Distribusi frekuensi pola asuh orang tua positif berjumlah 25 (46,3%) dan pola asuh orang tua negatif berjumlah 29 (53,7%). Uji hipotesis menunjukkan ada hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan stunting di UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima (p=0.021, OR=0,132, CI 95% = 0,25-0,687)Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan stunting di UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima.Saran: Tenaga kesehatan melakukan advokasi dengan pemegang kebijakan,bekerjasama dengan lintas program dan lintas sektor untuk melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang cara mencuci tangan dengan sabun, imunisasi dasar lengkap dan sanitasi lingkungan yang bersih melalui leaflet atau brosur dengan mengikutsertakan tokoh masyarakat (TOMA), tokoh agama (TOGA) dan perangkat desa dan melakukan penyuluhan tentang praktek pemberian makanan di posyandu dengan cara pengolahan bahan makan bergizi yang murah dan mudah didapat di lingkungan sekitar. Kata Kunci: Pola Asuh Orang Tua,Stunting. ABSTRACT Background: Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five years old (toddlers) due to chronic malnutrition which is characterized by a z-score for height for age (TB/U) less than -2SD / standard deviation (stunted) and less than -3SD ( severely stunted) (RI Ministry of Health, 2021). World stunting cases have reached 22% with a total of 149.2 million children (Unicef, 2020). Indonesia is ranked fifth in the world for the number of children with stunting (Permenkes Number 2, 2020). Based on the profile of the Indonesian Ministry of Health, in 2021 Indonesia the percentage of stunted toddlers aged 0-59 months is 2.5% very short toddlers and 7% stunted toddlers. Lampung shows the prevalence of stunting under five is 15.2%, while North Lampung Regency (24.7%) (SSGI Lampung Province). UPTD Profile Data of the Puskesmas Ogan Lima, the number of stunted children is 92, of which 38 children are stunted aged 0-23 months and those aged 24-59 months are more, namely 54 children.Purpose: The aim of the study was to find out the relationship between parenting and stunting at the UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima in 2023.Methods: This type of research is quantitative with a cross sectional research design. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The population and sample in this study were 54 stunted toddlers aged 24-59 months in the working area of the Ogan Lima Health Center UPTD in 2023. Using the Total Sampling technique. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using chi-square.Result: The results showed that the distribution of the frequency of stunting toddlers in the short category was 43 (79.6%) and the toddlers in the very short category were 11 (20.4%). The frequency distribution of positive parenting styles is 25 (46.3%) and negative parenting styles is 29 (53.7%). The hypothesis test showed that there was a relationship between parenting style and stunting at UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima (p=0.021, OR=0.132, 95% CI = 0.25-0.687)Conclusion: There is a relationship between parenting style and stunting at the UPTD Puskesmas Ogan Lima Suggestion: to reduce the stunting rate for health workers, carry out advocacy with policy makers, collaborate with cross-programs and cross-sectors to conduct health education on how to wash hands with soap, complete basic immunization and clean environmental sanitation through leaflets or brochures involving community leaders (TOMA), religious leaders (TOGA) and village officials and conduct counseling on the practice of providing food at posyandu by processing nutritious food ingredients that are cheap and easily available in the surrounding environment. Keywords: Parenting Pattern, Stunting