Relationship between Particulate Matter Pollution and Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence

Abstract

(1) Background: In recent decades, studies have reported on the increased cardiovascular risk associated with increased levels of air pollutants, especially particulate matters (PM). It remains unclear whether the specific subgroups share the same involvement and whether the effect is delayed. (2) Methods: Data for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) incidences from 2008 to 2011 were gathered in two major medical centres in Slovenia. A time series analysis was conducted in which daily ACS incidence data were linked with daily concentrations of PM10 (PM with a median aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm) using a well-established generalized linear model with a log link function and a Poisson distribution of ACS. We specifically focused on groups based simultaneously on age and gender. (3) Results: On the basis of the presented models, it appears that daily average concentrations of PM10 have a significant impact on ACS incidence for the entire population, with a higher impact on older populations and the highest impact on older men. The analysis of the delayed effect in PM10-related ACS incidences observed the strongest effect at a one day lag. (4) Conclusions: Our study detected the presence of a “rise and fall” lag pattern observed in three aforementioned population groups; however, no significant association was detected for women and younger populations.

Particulate Matter-Induced Acute Coronary Syndrome: MicroRNAs as Microregulators for Inflammatory Factors

“…Of these, it is greatly important to address air pollution issues where reducing air pollution will meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) proposed by the United Nation (UN) in SDG 3, for good health and well-being [ 5 ]. Increased PM from air pollution contributes to the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in several studies [ 6 ]. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a short noncoding RNA, have been observed in few studies to be dysregulated in inflammatory modulation in cardiovascular disorder exposed to PM [ 7 – 9 ].…”

“…Study from ninety largest cities in the United States by the National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study (NMMAPS) observed that cardiopulmonary-related mortality rose by the increment of PM 10 within a 24-hour period [ 25 ]. In another study, daily concentration of PM 10 was significantly having an impact on ACS incidence, higher on elderly with the highest impact on older men [ 6 ]. Moreover, increase in PM 10 pollution was noted to have relation to rise in frequency of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in ACS patients [ 26 ].…”