Relationship between phase shift and energy dissipation in tapping-mode scanning force microscopy

Tamayo, Javier; Garcia, Ricardo Alexandrino

doi:10.1063/1.122632

Cited by 281 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13] However, recording a true topography is far to be achieved, it is often worth discussing image as a function of nanomechanical properties of the sample probed by this mode. Several theoretical approaches have been dedicated to the Tapping, [14][15][16][17][18][19] some of them being numerical simulations. For example, phase contrast can be explained in terms of energy dissipation into the tip-sample contact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of noncontact dissipation in the tapping mode: Attempt to extract quantitative information on the surface properties with the local force probe method

Aimé

Boisgard

Nony

et al. 2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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In the Tapping mode, a variation of the oscillation amplitude and phase as a function of the tip sample distance is the necessary measurement to access quantitatively to the properties of the surface. In the present work, we give a systematic comparison between experimental data recorded on two surfaces, phase and amplitude, and theoretical curves. With an interaction between the tip and the surface taking into account an attractive and a repulsive term, the analytical approach is unable to properly describe the relationship between the phase variation and the oscillation amplitude variation. When an additional dissipation term is involved, due to the attractive interaction between the tip and the surface, the model gives a good agreement with the recorded data. Particularly, the trends in the phase variations related to the noncontact situations have been found to be amenable to an analysis based upon a simple viscoelastic behavior of the surface. ͓͔

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of noncontact dissipation in the tapping mode: Attempt to extract quantitative information on the surface properties with the local force probe method

Aimé

Boisgard

Nony

et al. 2001

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…18 Coupled with the complex nature of the tip-sample interaction ͑especially with intermittent contact modes͒, the resulting data are difficult to model and often misinterpreted. For example, phase shifts observed in one form of intermittent contact mode imaging ͑''tapping mode''͒ are necessarily due to energy dissipation ͑damping and adhesion͒; 19,20 These dissipative processes are often ignored and the phase response incorrectly ascribed purely to elasticity variations. Hence, while imaging ''elasticity'' is possible, quantification is nontrivial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative imaging of nanoscale mechanical properties using hybrid nanoindentation and force modulation

Asif

Wahl

Colton

et al. 2001

Journal of Applied Physics

238

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In this article, we present a quantitative stiffness imaging technique and demonstrate its use to directly map the dynamic mechanical properties of materials with nanometer-scale lateral resolution. For the experiments, we use a ''hybrid'' nanoindenter, coupling depth-sensing nanoindentation with scanning probe imaging capabilities. Force modulation electronics have been added, enhancing instrument sensitivity and enabling measurements of time dependent materials properties ͑e.g., loss modulus and damping coefficient͒ not readily obtained with quasi-static indentation techniques. Tip-sample interaction stiffness images are acquired by superimposing a sinusoidal force ͑ϳ1 N͒ onto the quasi-static imaging force ͑1.5-2 N͒, and recording the displacement amplitude and phase as the surface is scanned. Combining a dynamic model of the indenter ͑having known mass, damping coefficient, spring stiffness, resonance frequency, and modulation frequency͒ with the response of the tip-surface interaction, creates maps of complex stiffness. We demonstrate the use of this approach to obtain quantitative storage and loss stiffness images of a fiber-epoxy composite, as well as directly determine the loss and storage moduli from the images using Hertzian contact mechanics. Moduli differences as small as 20% were resolved in the images at loads two orders of magnitude lower than with indentation, and were consistent with measurements made using conventional quasi-static depth-sensing indentation techniques.

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“…The relationship between the energy dissipation and the phase shift has been established based on the principle of energy balance. 8,9 Virial and energy dissipation method has been used to investigate the contributions from the conservative and non-conservative forces. 10,11 Besides, the tip-sample interaction force reconstruction or force inversion in AM-AFM, an inverse problem in cantilevertip dynamics, has also been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy based on higher flexural modes

et al. 2017

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In this work, amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy (AM-AFM) based on the higher flexural modes of the microcantilever is investigated by a numerical approach. The amplitude-distance and phase-distance curves for the first four flexural modes are obtained and compared. The dependence of phase on elastic modulus and viscosity of the sample is analyzed. Results show that a higher flexural mode yields a larger amplitude and phase in the repulsive regime and reduces the bistability, but causes a larger sample deformation and peak repulsive force. Compared to that of a lower flexural mode, the phase of a higher flexural mode provides higher sensitivity to viscosity variation for relatively large moduli.

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Relationship between phase shift and energy dissipation in tapping-mode scanning force microscopy

Cited by 281 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of noncontact dissipation in the tapping mode: Attempt to extract quantitative information on the surface properties with the local force probe method

Influence of noncontact dissipation in the tapping mode: Attempt to extract quantitative information on the surface properties with the local force probe method

Quantitative imaging of nanoscale mechanical properties using hybrid nanoindentation and force modulation

Amplitude modulation atomic force microscopy based on higher flexural modes

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