Relationship between Plasma Proteins and Boar Semen Freezability

Abstract

Currently, there is great interest in using frozen boar semen to enhance pig-breeding processes. Yet semen freezability, as well as its limited lifespan in the uterus, limits the efficacy of such a procedure. Pig spermatozoa membrane is less stable and more sensitive to low temperatures as it contains lower levels of cholesterol. It is also highly susceptible to lipid peroxidation (LPO) during freezing, since it is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Seminal plasma (SP) has beneficial effects on post-thaw semen quality and its composition may have a genetic basis, specifically in protein content. To date, studies on boar semen freezability have focused on sperm cell proteins with very little attention having been paid to SP proteins. In boar SP, there are 82 identified proteins with spermadhesins (90%) and fibronectins (FN) the most abundant. The only plasma protein thus far identified as a freezability marker is FN1. Other plasmatic proteins of recognized importance in the freezing of porcine semen are: DQH, HSP90AA1, NPC2, L-PGDS, ß-HEX, SOD, and PON-1. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the most efficacious elements of the above plasma proteins with regard to their role as biological or potential biological markers of porcine semen freezability.

Proteomic Analysis of Differences in the Freezability of Porcine Sperm Identifies α-Amylase As a Key Protein

“…1 Continuous efforts have been made to enhance the cryoprotective procedure by introducing antioxidants, seminal plasma (SP), and antifreeze protective additives into cryoprotective extenders 2,3 or by detecting freezability markers of boar. 4,5 In recent times, the study and application of proteomics in boar semen have increased. The proteomic analysis of sperm and SP holds significance in elucidating the molecular mechanisms that cause variation in sperm physiology, preservation, and fertilization capacity.…”

“…However, enhancing post-thaw motility and fertility of frozen–thawed spermatozoa presents a significant challenge in porcine breeding . Continuous efforts have been made to enhance the cryoprotective procedure by introducing antioxidants, seminal plasma (SP), and antifreeze protective additives into cryoprotective extenders , or by detecting freezability markers of boar. , …”