Relationship Between Pyocins and a Bacteriophage in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Ito, Seiga; Kageyama, Makoto

doi:10.2323/jgam.16.3_231

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…These pyocins are classified into several groups according to the action spectrum (8). Results obtained from morphological, biochemical, immunological, physiological, and genetical studies on R-type pyocins (7,8,(10)(11)(12)(13) consistently support a hypothesis that these pyocins belong to the closely related entities probably arisen from a common ancestor. We will here discuss some features on the relationship between the structure and function of R-type pyocins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Defective pyocin particles produced by some mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Shinomiya¹,

Osumi²,

Kageyama³

1975

J Bacteriol

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Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, defective in the production of active R-type pyocins, were isolated from pyocinogenic strains and their products were characterized. Polysheath-like structures were found in induced lysates of 29 out of 42 mutants. Two mutants (strain P15-16 and M189) were found to produce special defective particles, which were characterized in detail. The other 11 mutants did not produce significant amounts of any structure visible under an electron microscope. Serum blocking powers were found in lysates from P15-16 and M189 to significant amounts. Defective particle produced by strain P15-16 lacked the sheath component, whereas M189 had morphological defects at the junction between sheath and baseplate, and also in the architecture of baseplate. Both defective particles could adsorb to the surface of bacteria, that were sensitive to pyocin, at the tip of their fibers without killing cells. All M189 particles attached to the bacteria had the extended sheaths. Therefore, attachment to the bacteria by fibers is not sufficient to kill cells, and contraction of sheath must occur after the initial adsorption by fibers for pyocin to express its biological activity. Defective particles of strain P15-16, which was derived from strain P15 (a pyocin Rl producer), could be converted to active forms by an in vitro complementation reaction with extracts from certain mutants originated from strain PAO (a pyocin R2 producer). This result indicated the exchangeability of components between R-type pyocins belonging to the different groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Defective pyocin particles produced by some mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Shinomiya¹,

Osumi²,

Kageyama³

1975

J Bacteriol

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“…The R-type pyocins are almost identical in morphology, antigenic property, and protein composition (12). Several temperate bacteriophages serologically cross-reactive with the R-type pyocins have been found (5,6,8). Certain components are interchangeable between pyocin R2 and bacteriophage PS17 (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic comparison of bacteriophage PS17 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa R-type pyocin

Shinomiya

Ina

1989

J Bacteriol

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PS17 is a bacteriophage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is serologically cross-reactive with phage tail-like bacteriocins called R-type pyocins. In addition to having immunological cross-reactivity, certain genes are functionally complementable between PS17 and R-type pyocins. To compare the genetic structures of PS17 and R-type pyocins, a physical map of PS17 genes was constructed by cloning phage DNA fragments on RSF1010-derived vector plasmids. The head and tail gene clusters were tandemly arrayed and together occupied about half of the 41-kilobase-pair PS17 chromosome. With use of these phage clones, the following results were obtained with respect to the genetic relationship between PS17 and R-type pyocins: (i) serological cross-reaction between PS17 and pyocin occurred for the major sheath protein and two components of the fiber, (ii) a certain pyocin mutation was complemented by cloned phage fragments, and (iii) the phage DNA fragment carrying sheath and core tube genes was shown to hybridize to the DNA fragment carrying the pyocin R2 genes.Particulate bacteriocins with complex structures resembling those of bacteriophages have been found in various bacterial species (see reference 13 for review). Many strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known to produce contractile phage tail-like bacteriocins, called R-type pyocins, which have been classified into five subgroups, Rl through R5, according to receptor specificity (7). The R-type pyocins are almost identical in morphology, antigenic property, and protein composition (12). Several temperate bacteriophages serologically cross-reactive with the R-type pyocins have been found (5,6,8). Certain components are interchangeable between pyocin R2 and bacteriophage PS17 (15). These results strongly suggest that the R-type pyocins and bacteriophages such as PS17 share a common ancestor. A detailed comparison of the genetic structures of the R-type pyocins and such bacteriophages will provide useful information on the evolutionary relationship between bacteriophages and particulate bacteriocins.We previously analyzed the genetic structure of pyocin R2, an R-type pyocin produced by P. aeruginosa PAO (17,18). A cluster of pyocin R2 genes 13 kilobase pairs (kbp) long was localized within a ca. 30-kbp chromosome region flanked by the trpCD and trpE genes. In this study, we constructed a genetic map of the head and tail genes of PS17 and examined the genetic relationship between R-type pyocins and the PS17 tail. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial strains. P. aeruginosa PML14 (8) and Escherichia coli C600 r-m-were used as hosts for cloning. Pyocin R2 (prt) mutants of P. aeruginosa PAO were those described previously (17).Bacteriophages. PS17cl (16) was used for cloning of PS17 genes. Temperature-sensitive mutants of PS17 were previously described (16).Plasmids. Two plasmids, pKT230 and pMMB22, derived from a broad-host-range plasmid, RSF1010, were used as * Corresponding author.vectors to clone PS17 genes (1, 2) and were provided by M. Bagdasarian.Microbiological methods. Nutri...

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“…This possibility is supported by INHIBITION OF N. GONORRHOEAE BY R-TYPE PYOCIN 361 the study of Robbins et al (43), which showed that N. meningitidis groups A and C share capsular and noncapsular antigenic determinants with strains of E. coli. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been implicated as the receptor for R-type bacteriocins in P. aeruginosa (8,14,15,21,23) and in some strains of Serratia marcescens (45). The bacteriocin receptor in other strains ofS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by a Bacteriocin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Morse

Vaughan

Johnson

et al. 1976

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Supernatants from broth-grown cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 103 exhibited bactericidal activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae . The concentration of the bactericidal substance increased significantly after induction by mitomycin C. Purification was effected by salt fractionation, chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, and sedimentation by centrifugation at 100,000 × g for 90 min. Electron microscopy of this purified preparation revealed structures resembling R-type pyocins in both the contracted and uncontracted state. Pyocins in the contracted state were observed in association with the gonococcal cell surface. No loss of bactericidal activity was observed after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. Standard pyocin typing procedures identified the pyocin pattern as 611 131. The bactericidal activity of this pyocin was examined on various species of Neisseria . Out of 56 strains of N. gonorrhoeae from disseminated and nondisseminated infections, all were susceptible to pyocin 611 131. However, only 3 of 20 strains of N. meningitidis and 5 of 16 strains of N. lactamica were susceptible. The bactericidal activity that pyocin 611 131 has for N. gonorrhoeae and other species of Neisseria is significant because it departs from the expected specificity that heretofore has distinguished bacteriocins from most “classical” antibiotics.

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Relationship Between Pyocins and a Bacteriophage in Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Defective pyocin particles produced by some mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Defective pyocin particles produced by some mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Genetic comparison of bacteriophage PS17 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa R-type pyocin

Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by a Bacteriocin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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