Relationship between rainfall and temperature: observations on the cases of visceral leishmaniasis in São Luis Island, State of Maranhão, Brazil

Viana, Graça Maria de Castro; Nascimento, Maria do Desterro Soares Brandão; Rabelo, Érica Milena Fernandes; Neto, João Arnaud Diniz; Júnior, José Roberto Binda; Galvão, Carolina de Souza; Santos, Alessandro Carvalho dos; Júnior, Onildo Martins Santos; Oliveira, Rodrigo Artur Souza de; Guimarães, Rafael Lima

doi:10.1590/s0037-86822011000600013

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In a study in French Guyana, it was observed that the precipitation had a weak relationship with the CL incidence (35). In another study in Brazil, a direct correlation was found between incidence of disease and precipitation (36). In the present study, there was an inverse correlation between CL incidence and land surface temperature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“…In general, areas with maximum moisture content were consistent with areas with the highest incidence of disease. The specific humidity is favorable for egg hatching, being between 80-90% (45 36.33% was desirable for sand flies collected from Kashan district, Central Iran (46). Hence, in the present study area, climatic conditions are favorable for the activity of sand flies in terms of humidity, their biting habit on hosts such as humans and the transmission of CL disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Environmental and Climate Factors on Spatial Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Iran: Utilizing Remote Sensing

Shirzadi¹,

Javanbakht²,

Vatandoost³

et al. 2020

JAD

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Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a dermal and parasitic disease.. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of environmental and climate factors on spatial distribution of CL in northeastern Iran by utilizing remote sensing from 20 March 2016 to 19 March 2017. Methods: In this ecological study, the data were divided into two parts: The descriptive data on human CL cases were gathered from Communicable Diseases center of Iran. The remote sensing techniques and satellite imagery data (TRMM, MODIS-Aqua, MODIS-Terra and AMSR-2 with spatial resolution 0.25°, 0.05°, 5600m and 10km) of environmental and climate factors were used to determine the spatial pattern changes of cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence. Results: The incidence of CL in North Khorasan, Razavi Khorasan, and South Khorasan was 35.80 per 100,000 people (309/863092), 34.14 per 100,000 people (2197/6,434,501) and 7.67 per 100,000 people (59/768,898), respectively. The incidence of CL had the highest correlation with soil moisture and evapotranspiration. Moreover, the incidence of disease was significantly correlated with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and air humidity while it had the lowest correlation with rainfall. Furthermore, the CL incidence had an indirect correlation relation with the air temperature meaning that with an increase in the temperature, the incidence of disease decreased. Conclusion: As such, the incidence of disease was also higher in the northern regions; most areas of North Khorasan and northern regions of Razavi Khorasan; where the rainfall, vegetation, specific humidity, evapotranspiration, and soil moisture was higher than the southern areas.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Environmental and Climate Factors on Spatial Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Iran: Utilizing Remote Sensing

Shirzadi¹,

Javanbakht²,

Vatandoost³

et al. 2020

JAD

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“…Higher rainfall indices correlated temporally and geographically with a higher incidence of human VL, especially in areas close to the Atlantic Ocean. An association between VL with increased rainfall has been reported in other regions of Brazil [ 55 ; 56 ]. However, some cases of VL occurred in areas with lower humidity, higher temperatures and lower rainfall indices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Changing demographics of visceral leishmaniasis in northeast Brazil: Lessons for the future

Lima

Mendes-Aguiar

et al. 2018

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum became a disease of urban areas in Brazil in the last 30 years and there has been an increase in asymptomatic L. infantum infection with these areas.Methodology/Principal findingsA retrospective study of human VL was performed in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, for the period of 1990–2014. The data were divided into five-time periods. For all VL cases, data on sex, age, nutritional status and childhood vaccination were collected. Geographic information system tools and statistical models were used to analyze the dispersion of human VL. The mean annual incidence of VL was 4.6 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with total 3,252 cases reported. The lethality rate was 6.4%. Over time the annual incidence of VL decreased in the 0–4 years (p<0.0001) and 5–9 (p <0.0001) age groups, but increased in ages 20–39 (p<0.001) and >40 years (p<0.0001). VL occurred more often in males (β2 = 2.5; p<0.0001). The decreased incidence of VL in children was associated with improved nutritional status and childhood immunizations including measles, poliomyelitis, BCG, and hepatitis B. Human VL correlated temporally and geographically with canine L. infantum infection (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.438), with rainfall and with Lutzomyia longipalpis density (r = 0.762). Overall, the incidence of VL decreased, while VL-AIDS increased, especially between 2010–2014. VL was more frequently found in areas that lacked urban infrastructure, detected by lack of garbage collection and sewers, whereas HIV infection was associated with higher levels of schooling and evidence of higher socioeconomic status.Conclusion/SignificanceThe demographics of VL in northeastern Brazil have changed. Disease incidence has decreased in children and increased in adults. They were associated with improvements in nutrition, socioeconomic status and immunization rates. Concurrent VL-AIDS poses a serious challenge for the future.

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“…However, it is known that beyond weather determinants, environmental factors in the peridomiciliary area and the presence of infected animals are fundamental components in the proliferation of the vector that facilitate the contamination process [18][19][20] . These elements cause the vector to remain in contact with the reservoir located in the peridomiciliary area, hence maintaining the transmission cycle of the disease.…”

Section: Ethical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and environmental aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in children under 15 years of age between 2007 and 2012 in the City of Araguaína, State of Tocantins, Brazil

Oliveira

Batista

Pelúzio

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Relationship between rainfall and temperature: observations on the cases of visceral leishmaniasis in São Luis Island, State of Maranhão, Brazil

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of Environmental and Climate Factors on Spatial Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Iran: Utilizing Remote Sensing

Impact of Environmental and Climate Factors on Spatial Distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Iran: Utilizing Remote Sensing

Changing demographics of visceral leishmaniasis in northeast Brazil: Lessons for the future

Epidemiological and environmental aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in children under 15 years of age between 2007 and 2012 in the City of Araguaína, State of Tocantins, Brazil

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