Relationship Between Rate of Stocking and Per Animal and Per Acre Performance on Pasture<sup>1</sup>

Petersen, R. G.; Lucas, H. L.; Mott, G. O.

doi:10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700010010x

Cited by 58 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…As indicated earlier, there is broad recognition and agreement that increasing grazing intensity, typically measured as SR, results in a decrease in individual animal performance. The specifi c nature of this decrease has been the subject of considerable discussion (Hart, 1993) and has been described as linear (e.g., Hart, 1978), curvilinear with a concave response surface (e.g., Mott, 1960), or curvilinear with a convex response surface (e.g., Petersen et al, 1965). Even if the linear model is an oversimplifi cation of the true biology of the association, it appears to adequately describe the response across all but the lowest SR in the majority of studies reported.…”

Section: Background and Basis For Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T he nature of the relationships of forage NVAL and quantity with individual animal performance on pasture has been evaluated and discussed for many years (Mott, 1960;Riewe, 1961;Petersen et al, 1965;Duble et al, 1971;Hart, 1978Hart, , 1993Guerrero et al, 1984;Wu and Rykiel, 1986). For example, it is known that increasing forage mass, starting from low levels of mass, is associated with greater bite weight and intake that lead to greater animal performance (Sollenberger and Burns, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Sollenberger

Vanzant

2011

Crop Science

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Relationships of forage nutritive value (NVAL) and quantity with individual animal performance on pasture have long been evaluated, but there have been few attempts to describe the specific roles or relative importance of NVAL and quantity in determining animal response. The objective of this review was to more clearly define these roles based on a comprehensive assessment of pastureland literature and the application of a meta‐analysis. It is clear that quantity and NVAL interact. When pastures present a wide range in forage mass, 60 to 90% of variation in average daily gain (ADG) can be explained by quantity, but there may be no relationship of NVAL with ADG. If pastures present only high forage mass, there may be no relationship between quantity and ADG, but NVAL may explain more than 50% of variation in ADG. The meta‐analysis and a review of studies that evaluated forages of differing NVAL across a range of forage mass provided evidence that NVAL (i) sets the upper limit for ADG, (ii) determines the slope of the regression of ADG on stocking rate (SR), and (iii) establishes the forage mass at which ADG plateaus. In contrast, forage quantity determines the proportion of potential ADG that is achieved and is the primary driver for direction of the ADG response (negative) to increasing SR. Thus, the literature supports a conclusion of interaction among forage NVAL and quantity in affecting individual animal performance on pasture, but it suggests that the roles of each are quite well defined.

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Section: Background and Basis For Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Sollenberger

Vanzant

2011

Crop Science

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“…As stocking rate increases, the output per animal declines but production per hectare increases (MCMEEKAN 1956, MOTT 1960, BRYANT et al 1965, PETERSEN et al 1965. Maxinium production per hectare is obtained when loss in production per animal by increasing the stocking rate is offset by the increased number of animals carried.…”

Section: Grazing Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought and Tropical Pasture Management

Ugherughe

1986

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Droughts are an ever‐present threat to tropical crops and pastures. One of the most difficult features of managing pastures in arid and semi‐arid regions has therefore been the variability in production from year to year. An understanding of the survival mechanisms of tropical pasture plants and the factors controlling grass/legume interrelations is a prerequisite to the establishment of secure bases for management recommendations. These aspects and management strategies were discussed. For increased agricultural productivity in order to avert famine, and efficient resource use in drought‐prone regions, pasture agronomists should pay attention to the characters most needing improvement in the suite of available tropical grasses and legumes that were discussed.

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“…O produto do número de animais.dia/ha e ganho médio diário permitiu estimar o ganho de peso vivo por hectare (GPV/ha) (PETERSEN et al, 1965). O número de animais.dia foi obtido pelo número de animais mantidos em cada unidade experimental, em cada dia, multiplicado pelo número de dias que permaneceram na unidade experimental.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Desempenho de ovelhas, composição química e digestibilidade in vitro em uma pastagem de Coastcross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) sob diferentes níveis de matéria seca residual

et al. 2001

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RESUMO -O experimento foi realizado no período de agosto de 1997 a abril de 1998, com o objetivo de avaliar uma pastagem de Coastcross -1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers), sob quatro níveis de resíduo de matéria seca (RMS: 1978(RMS: , 2130, 2545 e 3857 kg de MS/ha), com pastejo contínuo e carga animal variável. Foram determinados a composição química, por meio da avaliação dos teores de proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca (DIVMS) e o desempenho de ovelhas em pastejo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com duas repetições. Os teores de PB na forragem não foram alterados em função dos níveis de RMS e ao longo do período experimental. Os teores de FDN e FDA diminuíram linearmente com o aumento do RMS, mas tiveram elevação em relação ao tempo (dias) do experimento. A DIVMS apresentou incremento linear positivo em relação aos níveis de RMS e decréscimo linear negativo com o passar das datas de amostragem. Nas ovelhas, o ganho médio diário (GMD) apresentou efeito quadrático, à medida que se elevaram os níveis de RMS e a quantidade de MS de folhas verdes/ha, o mesmo ocorreu para o ganho de peso vivo/ha em relação aos níveis de RMS.Palavras-chave: desempenho animal, digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca, fibra em detergente neutro, fibra em detergente ácido, ganho médio diário, proteína bruta Ewes Performance, Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility under Coastcross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) Pasture on Different Dry Matter Residue LevelsABSTRACT -The trial was carried out from August/1997 to April/1998 to evaluate a Coastcross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) grazed pasture, under four dry matter residue levels (DMR: 1978; 2130; 2545; 3857 kg of DM/ha), with continuous grazing and variable stocking rate. Chemical composition, as crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and ewes performance were evaluated. A complete randomized design with two replications was used. CP content in forage did not significantly differ according to DMR levels and length of experimental period. NDF and ADF contents linearly decreased as DMR increased, but increased as grazing period (days) progressed. IVDMD linearly increased as DMR levels increased but decreased as length of experimental period. Average daily gain (ADG) and live weight gain quadractly increased as DMR levels and the amount of dry matter in green leaves/ha increased, and the same was verified for live weight gain/ha according to DMR levels.Key Words: animal performance, crude protein, in vitro dry matter digestibility, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, average daily gainRev. bras. zootec., 30(3):636-643, 2001

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Relationship Between Rate of Stocking and Per Animal and Per Acre Performance on Pasture¹

Cited by 58 publications

References 2 publications

Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Drought and Tropical Pasture Management

Desempenho de ovelhas, composição química e digestibilidade in vitro em uma pastagem de Coastcross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) sob diferentes níveis de matéria seca residual

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Relationship Between Rate of Stocking and Per Animal and Per Acre Performance on Pasture1

Cited by 58 publications

References 2 publications

Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Interrelationships among Forage Nutritive Value and Quantity and Individual Animal Performance

Drought and Tropical Pasture Management

Desempenho de ovelhas, composição química e digestibilidade in vitro em uma pastagem de Coastcross-1 (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers) sob diferentes níveis de matéria seca residual

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Relationship Between Rate of Stocking and Per Animal and Per Acre Performance on Pasture¹