Relationship between resistance, TCR and stabilization temperature of amorphous Ni-P alloy

Abstract

Purpose The paper aims to present a research on the impact of the stabilization process of a thin metallic layer (Ni-P) produced on a ceramic surface (Al2O3) by means of electroless metallization on its electric parameters and structure. On the basis of the research conducted, the existence of a relationship between resistance (R) and the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the test structure with a Ni-P alloy-based layer and the temperature of stabilization was proposed. Design/methodology/approach Metallic Ni-P layers were deposited on sensitized and activated substrates. Metallization was conducted in an aqueous solution containing two primary ingredients: sodium hypophosphite and nickel chloride. The concentration of both ingredients was (50-70) g/dm3. The process lasted 60 min, and the metallization bath pH was kept at 2.1-2.2, whereas the temperature was maintained at 363 K. The thermal stabilization process was conducted in different temperatures between 453 and 623 K. After the technological processes, the resistance and TCR of the test structures were measured with a micro ohmmeter. The composition and the morphology of the resistive layer of the structures examined was also determined. Findings The dependence of the resistance on the temperature of the stabilization process for the temperature range 553 to 623 K was described using mathematical relationships. The TCR of test resistors at the same thermal stabilization temperature range was also described using a mathematical equation. The measurements show that the resistive layer contains 82.01 at.% of nickel (Ni) and 17.99 at.% of phosphorus (P). Originality/value The results associate a surface morphology Ni-P alloy with the resistance and TCR according to temperature stabilization. The paper presents mathematical relationships that have not been described in the literature available.

Selective metallization of silicon and ceramic substrates

“…At first, it was used for decorative purposes (Saubestre, 1962), then to obtain a magnetic layer (Chen and Lin, 1999), an anticorrosive layer (Narayanan et al , 2006), a layer with increased hardness (Mimani and Mayanna, 1996) and mainly to obtain a resistive layer with low temperature coefficient of resistance and increased stability (Balaraju and Rajam, 2005; Lu, 2006, Li et al , 2001; Shim et al , 1999). The authors of this paper also contribute to the advancement of the technology by developing it since the 1990s (Filipowski et al , 2017; Kowalik et al , 2014; Pruszowski et al , 2011; Pruszowski and Kowalik, 2010; Pruszowski et al , 2009).…”