Relationship Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Conventional Sarcopenic Indices in Young Adults: A Preliminary Study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationships between respiratory muscle strength and conventional sarcopenic indices such as skeletal muscle mass and limb muscle strength.MethodsEighty-nine young adult volunteers who had no history of medical or musculoskeletal disease were enrolled. Skeletal muscle mass was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and expressed as a skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Upper and lower limb muscle strength were evaluated by hand grip strength (HGS) and isometric knee extensor muscle strength, respectively. Peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) were evaluated using a spirometer to demonstrate respiratory muscle strength. The relationships between respiratory muscle strength and sarcopenic indices were investigated using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression analysis adjusted by age, height, and body mass index.ResultsMIP showed positive correlations with SMI (r=0.457 in men, r=0.646 in women; both p<0.01). MIP also correlated with knee extensor strength (p<0.01 in both sexes) and HGS (p<0.05 in men, p<0.01 in women). However, PEF and MEP had no significant correlations with these sarcopenic variables. In multivariate regression analysis, MIP was the only independent factor related to SMI (p<0.01).ConclusionAmong the respiratory muscle strength variables, MIP was the only value associated with skeletal muscle mass.

Relation Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass and Hand Grip Strength in the Healthy Elderly

“…The results of this study are also in conjunction with our previous study about the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and conventional sarcopenic indices in the young Korean population [ 28 ], in that respiratory muscle strength, markedly MIP, and various sarcopenic indices are inter-related, which is due to sarcopenia. In our previous study, MIP was the only value associated with SMM and limb muscle function.…”

Association between skeletal muscle mass index and lung function/respiratory muscle strength in older adults requiring long-term care or support

“…Conversely, although our results showed a significant association between SMI and PE max , we found no significant association between SMI and PI max . In previous studies, investigators reported associations between SMI and PI max in young adults, between SMI and PE max in young men, and between SMI and PI max in healthy adults [13][14][15] . Therefore, there has been no consensus about which type of respiratory muscle, expiratory or inspiratory, is related to muscle mass.…”

“…However, only few studies have reported the effects of sarcopenia on respiratory muscle strength. Results of basic research suggest that skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) is related to the parameters of lung function and respiratory muscle strength in healthy young and older adults [13][14][15] . According to one report in Brazil, sarcopenia significantly reduced respiratory muscle strength 16) .…”

Natural aging course of paraspinal muscle and back extensor strength in community-dwelling older adults (sarcopenia of spine, SarcoSpine): a prospective cohort study protocol

“…Handgrip strength: It will be measured using a hand-grip dynamometer (T.K.K.5401; Takei Scientific Instruments, Tokyo, Japan),13 as described previously 14. Briefly, while sitting in a straight-backed chair with their feet flat on the floor, patients will be asked to adduct and neutrally rotate the shoulder, flex the elbow to 90° and place the forearm in a neutral position, with the wrist between 0° and 30° extension and between 0° and 15° ulnar deviation.…”