Relationship between self-compassion and nonsuicidal self-injury in middle school students after earthquake: Gender differences in the mediating effects of gratitude and posttraumatic growth.

Abstract

Objective: The present study examined the mediating roles of gratitude and posttraumatic growth (PTG) in the association between self-compassion and nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). It also analyzed the gender differences in the mediating effect among Chinese adolescents after an earthquake. Method: This study assessed self-compassion, gratitude, PTG, and NSSI via self-report measures among 597 adolescents after earthquake. Results: In the entire sample, positive self-compassion (PSC) had a negative effect on NSSI, whereas negative self-compassion (NSC) had a positive effect on it. In addition, gratitude and PTG played significant mediating roles between self-compassion and NSSI. In the male group, the mediating roles of gratitude and PTG in the correlation between self-compassion and NSSI were significant. In the female group, only gratitude had a significant mediating effect between PSC and NSSI. Conclusions: PSC was associated with low NSSI levels in adolescents, whereas NSC was associated with high NSSI levels. The mediating effects of gratitude and PTG on the relationship between self-compassion and NSSI were also different by gender.

Systematic review of psychotherapies and meta-analysis of cognitive behavior therapy and narrative exposure therapy for treating earthquake-related posttraumatic stress disorder.

“…Earthquakes can be particularly devastating because they are large-scale, potentially traumatic events that simultaneously affect many people (Lopes et al, 2014). After experiencing an earthquake, individuals may develop psychological conditions such as depression (Cénat et al, 2020), PTSD (Garfin et al, 2014), intrusive and deliberate rumination (Zhou et al, 2015), anxiety (Ando et al, 2017), nonsuicidal self-injury (Liu et al, 2023), or comorbidities such as PTSD-depression (Chen et al, 2023) and PTSD-dissociation (Hooper et al, 2014).…”

Gratitude practice helps undergraduates who experienced an earthquake in China find meaning in life

“…Gratitude has been longitudinally studied as a mechanism to attenuate symptoms among Chinese adolescents following earthquakes 4 – 7 . In the realm of nurturing meaning in life (MIL), gratitude practice has emerged as a noteworthy element.…”

Retrospective ACEs predict complex PTSD symptoms in a large sample of Chinese young adults longitudinally: the moderating role of self-compassion

“…However, there is controversy regarding the reliance on the total score as an indicator of self-compassion. The different dimensions are relatively independent [ 18 , 53 , 54 ] and have distinct effects on individuals’ mental health [ 55 , 56 ]. Previous research has consistently demonstrated that different dimensions of self-compassion exert distinct influences on mental health outcomes, including depression [ 8 , 56 , 57 ].…”

“…Individuals with low levels of compassion and self-kindness tend to experience poor psychological adjustment, with isolation being particularly associated with negative emotions [ 59 ]. Recent studies have further highlighted that the positive dimension of self-compassion can alleviate mental health problems, whereas the negative dimension may exacerbate issues such as depression and nonsuicidal self-injury [ 55 , 56 ]. Given this background, our hypothesis suggests that self-judgment, isolation, and overidentification moderate the relationship between ACE and CPTSD symptoms.…”