Relationship Between Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Level and Impaired Fasting Glucose Among Chinese Community-Dwelling Adults: A Follow-Up Observation of 6 Years

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate the relationship between serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, as well as the cumulative risk of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) regulation in the Chinese adult population after 6 years of follow-up. Methods: A total of 1360 apparently healthy Chinese men and women who completed a community-based health examination survey and did not have IFG in central China in 2010 and 2016 were included in this study. The patients were divided into four groups according to their baseline GGT (in quartiles). The relationship between GGT levels and FBG levels was examined using general linear regression models. The effect of the GGT level on the risk of IFG was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. The first quartile group of GGT levels was set as the dummy variable in the model, and the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the remaining quartile groups relative to the first quartile group were obtained. Results: After 6 years of follow-up, 16.4% (188/1148) of participants were diagnosed with IFG. The cumulative incidence of IFG in the four groups according to their baseline GGT levels (in quartiles) was 7.7%, 16.1%, 15.8%, and 26.8%, respectively. Based on the Cox multiple regression, the hazard ratio for IFG increased by 28.9% for each unit of increase in the baseline GGT level after adjusting for the confounding factors. The GGT levels of participants in the first quartile were used as the reference group. The relative risks of IFG in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of GGT were 1.70, 1.55, and 2.46, respectively (P = 0.005). Conclusions: GGT was positively associated with the risk of IFG and can be used as an indicator to assess whether a patient may develop prediabetes.

Association between serum gamma glutamyl transferase and fasting blood glucose in Chinese people: A 6‐year follow‐up study

“…Relevant studies have shown that patients with IFG possess a significantly higher risk of developing diabetes 15 . In a previous study, we confirmed that serum GGT levels were positively correlated with IFG in Chinese adults, and this trend was not affected by other confounding factors 16 . The present 6‐year follow‐up study in China evaluated the relationship between GGT and FBG.…”

“…Studies have shown that individuals with IFG are at a higher risk of subsequent diabetes [14] . Our previous study confirmed that serum GGT levels are positively associated with IFG in Chinese adults, independent of other confounding factors [15] . Our recent 6-year follow-up study conducted in Chinese to further evaluate the relationship between GGT and fasting glucose.…”

Ketosis Suppression and Ageing (KetoSAge): The Effects of Suppressing Ketosis in Long Term Keto-Adapted Non-Athletic Females

“…High levels of GGT have been found to be associated with increased risk of MetS and impaired fasting glucose [78,81,82]. Our participants' GGT levels in ketosis (P1 and P3) and SuK (P2) were within standard reference ranges.…”

Cumulative Exposure to High γ-Glutamyl Transferase Level and Risk of Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

“…In addition, a result of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study including 7,739 nondiabetic adults aged 40 to 69 years living in the community confirmed that higher serum γ-GTP level was positively associated with incident diabetes [ 23 ]. In an observational study of 6 years in China, the cumulative incidence of IFG increased in the groups with higher γ-GTP level is a dose-dependent manner [ 24 ]. In Japan, several studies have shown that γ-GTP is positively correlated with the incidence of diabetes in both men and women [ 25 , 26 ].…”