Relationship between smoking and antioxidant nutrient status

Faruque, Omar; Khan, Mohammad Rezwan; Rahman, Mostafizur; Ahmed, Faruk

doi:10.1079/bjn19950064

Cited by 89 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our results highlighted smoking and education as other significant determinants of serum zinc levels only in women. The higher serum zinc concentration in heavy female smokers compared with never and former smokers was unexpected although this observation was in agreement with some previous reports (Dubick and Keen, 1991;Faruque et al, 1995;Kim et al, 2003). Education is the most commonly used measure of socioeconomic status in epidemiological studies (Winkleby et al, 1992) and our results evidenced a serum zinc decreased with increased education.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Determinants of serum zinc concentrations in a population of French middle-age subjects (SU.VI.MAX cohort)

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: Few studies have been conducted on determinants of serum zinc concentration, especially in France. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between serum zinc concentrations, and age, education, living area and life style in a large sample cohort of French adults. Subjects/Methods: Blood samples were collected after 12-h fasting in French adults (7448 women, 35-65 years old and 4926 men, 45-65 years old) participating to the SUpplementation in AntioXidant VItamins and Minerals cohort at enrolment. Serum zinc was determined by flame atomic absorption. Results: Serum zinc concentration was lower in women (mean: 12.9 mmol/l, 95% confidence interval: 9.2-16.6 mmol/l) compared with men (mean: 13.4 mmol/l, 95% confidence interval: 9.7-17.1 mmol/l, Po0.0001). In total, 10% of the women showed serum zinc values o10.7 mmol/l and 10% of the men showed serum zinc values o11.3 mmol/l. Age was negatively associated with serum zinc only in men (P ¼ 0.001). In women, a positive association between smoking and serum zinc concentration (P ¼ 0.0003), and a negative relationship between highest education level and serum zinc concentration (P ¼ 0.01) were observed. With regard to geographical areas, the highest serum zinc concentrations were found in the Center, and the lowest in the Southwest of France for both men and women. The association between serum zinc concentrations and food categories or macronutrient intake disappeared after stratifying by gender. Conclusions: Age, gender and geographic area seem the main determinants of serum zinc concentrations in this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Determinants of serum zinc concentrations in a population of French middle-age subjects (SU.VI.MAX cohort)

et al. 2010

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“…However, the results do not correspond to those of Faruque, et al 52 who reported a non significant difference in the dietary protein and fat intake between smokers and non-smokers. Similarly, no significant difference in the mean dietary vitamin A intake between smokers and non-smokers suggest that smoking did not have any significant affect on the dietary vitamin A intake of smokers.…”

Section: 13contrasting

confidence: 56%

Association between Smoking and Anthropometric Characteristics, Biochemical Markers, and Dietary Intake of Pakistani Male Adult Population

Paracha¹,

Khan²,

Vriesekoop³

et al. 2015

Adv Food Technol Nutr Sci Open J

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Background/Objectives: A community-based study was conducted to compare the nutritional status between smokers and non-smokers in association with dietary, biochemical and socioeconomic characteristics. Methods: A convenient sampling method was used to enroll 100 smokers and 99 non-smokers aged between 46 and 78 years from the urban and semi-urban areas of district Peshawar, Pakistan. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences of the subjects were taken while body composition was determined by employing a Bodystat Analyzer. A blood sample was taken from each subject for the determination of serum vitamin A and zinc levels. Subjects were interviewed for a 24-hr dietary recall and demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Student's t-test and bivariate analysis were conducted to compare the mean differences and examine the association between different variables of smoker and non-smoker groups. Results: The results revealed that there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between the mean age, weight, height and body mass index of smokers and non smokers. However, the mean body fat, waist and hip circumference of the smokers were significantly (p<0.05) lower than the non-smokers. Conversely, the mean serum vitamin A (32.30±15.99 µg/dl) of smokers was significantly (p<0.05) higher than non-smokers (26.50±20.44 µg/dl) but the mean serum zinc concentration of smokers (99.76±27.42 µg/dl) was significantly lower than the non-smokers (108.25±32.20 µg/dl). Conclusions: The study concludes that anthropometric (body mass index), biochemical (vitamin A and zinc status), dietary (energy intake) and socio-economic (income, profession) characteristics failed to establish an association with smoking as most of the indicators of smokers are comparable to non-smokers.

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“…In addition, geographical location seems to be an important factor in determining blood levels of some trace elements because the levels can be linked to the influences of geochemistry on soils, food, and water supply (8,(16)(17)(18)(19). Finally, social and environmental conditions and lifestyle such as tobacco consumption are also factors influencing the trace element status (16,(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Element Status (Se, Cu, Zn) in Healthy Portuguese Subjects of Lisbon Population: A Reference Study

Lopes

Santos²,

Vicente

et al. 2004

BTER

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Serum levels of selenium, copper, and zinc were systematically determined in healthy subjects of the Lisbon population. The sample consisted of 183 blood donors of both genders who were divided into two age groups: 20-44 and 45-70 yr of age; relationships with gender, age, the lipid profile, and tobacco consumption were investigated. In the female group, the intake of oral contraceptives and pregnancy were considered for the youngest women, and hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) was taken into account for the oldest ones. Serum concentrations of these elements were in the same range as those found for populations of other European countries. Differences between genders were observed for the three elements studied, with serum selenium and zinc concentrations higher in men and copper levels higher in women. Age-dependent differences were found for selenium: The oldest subjects (regardless gender) presented the highest concentrations of * Author to whom all correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed.selenium in serum as further demonstrated by the positive correlation with age. In both pregnant and contraceptive-using women, copper was greatly increased, confirming the influence of estrogen status and/or oral contraceptive intake on increased serum copper levels. However, in postmenopausal women, HRT did not significantly affect serum copper levels. Selenium, copper, and zinc status were not different between normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects for the same gender and age range, but selenium levels tended to increase with hyperlipidemia when considering the whole group of subjects. With respect to the lifestyle, higher serum zinc levels were found in tobacco-consuming men. Albumin serum levels were similar for all considered subgroups, except for the pregnant women, for whom a decrease in this parameter was observed. The present study allowed one to obtain reference values for this healthy group of population, which will serve for a comparative study with groups having pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease.

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Relationship between smoking and antioxidant nutrient status

Cited by 89 publications

References 24 publications

Determinants of serum zinc concentrations in a population of French middle-age subjects (SU.VI.MAX cohort)

Determinants of serum zinc concentrations in a population of French middle-age subjects (SU.VI.MAX cohort)

Association between Smoking and Anthropometric Characteristics, Biochemical Markers, and Dietary Intake of Pakistani Male Adult Population

Trace Element Status (Se, Cu, Zn) in Healthy Portuguese Subjects of Lisbon Population: A Reference Study

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