Relationship between starvation heat production and body size in the domestic fowl

Johnson, Roy A.; Farrell, DJ

doi:10.1080/00071668508416842

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the RQ was different (0.72) for a 24 h period of fasting. This could be due to the another strain (Light Sussex) and productive level used by the mentioned authors, which was different from the present study [ 22 ]. According to Salas et al [ 23 ] and Attia et al [ 2 ], broiler breeders during the peak of production have a high protein catabolism rate to prioritize the egg formation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Effect of feed restriction on the maintenance energy requirement of broiler breeders

et al. 2022

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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ad libitum and restricted feeding regimen on fasting heat production (FHP) and body composition.Methods: Twelve Hubbard broilers breeders were selected with the same body weight and submitted in two feeding regimes: Restricted (T1) with feed intake of 150 g/bird/d and ad libitum (T2). The birds were randomly distributed on the treatments in two runs with three replications per treatment (per run). The birds were adapted to the feed regimens for ten days. After that, they were allocated in the open-circuit chambers and kept for three days for adaptation. On the last day, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) were measured by 30 h under fasting. The respiratory quotient (RQ) was calculated as the VCO2/VO2 ratio, and the heat production (HP) was obtained using the Brower equation (1985). The FHP was estimated throughout the plateau of HP 12 hours after the feed deprivation. The body composition was analyzed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning at the end of each period. Data were analyzed for one-way analysis of variance using the Minitab software.Results: The daily feed intake was 30 g higher to T2 (p<0.01) than the T1. Also, the birds of the T2 had significatively (p<0.05) more oxygen consumption (+3.1 L/kg0.75/d) and CO2 production (+2.2 L/kg0.75/d). That resulted in a higher FHP 359±14 kJ/kg0.75/d for T2 than T1 296±17.23 kJ/kg0.75/d. In contrast, the RQ was not different between treatments, with an average of 0.77 for the fasting condition. In addition, protein and fat composition were not affected by the treatment, while a tendency (p<0.1) was shown to higher bone mineral content on the T1.Conclusion: The birds under ad libitum feeding had a higher maintenance energy requirement but their body composition was not affected compared to restricted feeding.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Effect of feed restriction on the maintenance energy requirement of broiler breeders

et al. 2022

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“…The st-FHP obtained herein was close to that obtained by Rabello et al [25] (360 kJ/kg 0.75 /d) in broiler breeders, O'Neill et al [4] (308 kJ.kg 0.75 /d) in cockerels, and Johnson and Farrell [28] (359 kJ/kg 0.75 /d) discounting the PA effect. Thus, the slight difference between FHP found in literature is probably due to genetic variation and the methodologies applied to estimate the HP [1].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Dynamic of heat production partitioning in rooster by indirect calorimetry

et al. 2023

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Objective: The objective of this study was to describe a methodological procedure to quantify the heat production (HP) partitioning in basal metabolism or fasting heat production (FHP), heat production due to physical activity (HPA), and the thermic effect of feeding (TEF) in roosters.Methods: Eighteen 54-wk-old Hy Line Brown roosters (2.916±0.15 kg) were allocated in an open-circuit chamber of respirometry for O2 consumption (VO2), CO2 production (VCO2), and physical activity (PA) measurements, under environmental comfort conditions, following the protocol: adaptation (3 d), ad libitum feeding (1 d), and fasting conditions (1 d). The Brouwer equation was used to calculate the HP from VO2 and VCO2. The plateau-FHP (parameter L) was estimated through the broken line model: HP = U×(R–t)×I+L; I = 1 if t<R or I = 0 if t>R; Where the broken-point (R) was assigned as the time (t) that defined the difference between a short and long fasting period, I is conditional, and U is the decreasing rate after the feed was withdrawn. The HP components description was characterized by three events: ad libitum feeding and short and long fasting periods. Linear regression was adjusted between physical activity (PA) and HP to determine the HPA and to estimate the standardized FHP (st-FHP) as the intercept of PA = 0.Results: The time when plateau-FHP was reached at 11.7 h after withdrawal feed, with a mean value of 386 kJ/kg0.75/d, differing in 32 kJ from st-FHP (354 kJ/kg0.75/d). The slope of HP per unit of PA was 4.52 kJ/mV. The total HP in roosters partitioned into the st-FHP, termal effect of feeding (TEF), and HPA was 56.6%, 25.7%, and 17.7%, respectively.Conclusion: The FHP represents the largest fraction of energy expenditure in roosters, followed by the TEF. Furthermore, the PA increased the variation of HP measurements.

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“…There have been numerous reports concerning metabolic body size in poultry as reviewed by Peters (1983). Johnson and Farrell (1985) reported that the relationship between fasting HE and BW for domestic fowl was scaled to .602 which was significantly (P<.01) different than the scaler of .75 that is normally used for mature birds (Kleiber, 1964). The majority of studies in energy metabolism of birds have reported HE in units of kJ per kg-75 per day.…”

Section: Data Calculationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Energy Metabolism of Broiler Breeder Hens.

et al. 1990

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The partitioning of AME intake (MEI) and recovered energy (RE; defined as MEI minus heat production) was investigated on Hubbard broiler-breeder hens (BB) by using indirect calorimetry and energy balance. The regression of RE on MEI was linear (R2 = .96; P less than .01) with a slope of .817 +/- .024 (SE) and a y-intercept of -238.3 +/- 10.7 (SE). The maintenance energy requirement was 292 kilojoule (kJ) per kg per day (367 kJ per kg.75 per day). The regression of body RE, defined as RE minus egg energy, on MEI was linear (R2 = .96; P less than .01) with a slope of .799 +/- .045 (SE) and a y-intercept of -344.9 +/- 19.7 (SE). Therefore, an MEI of 432 kJ per kg per day was required by BB hens to maintain body energy equilibrium when they were laying at approximately 85% production. At an MEI of less than 432 kJ per kg per day, body energy was used for egg production. The AME cost of depositing 1 kJ of body, egg, protein, or fat energy was (mean +/- SE) 1.21 +/- .06, 91 +/- .32, 1.96 +/- .71, and 1.05 +/- .15 kJ, respectively. The results indicate that individually caged BB hens between 28 and 36 wk of age in a thermal-neutral environment (21 C) require approximately 1.6 megajoule (MJ) of AME per bird per day for normal growth (3 g/per day) and egg production (85%).

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Relationship between starvation heat production and body size in the domestic fowl

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of feed restriction on the maintenance energy requirement of broiler breeders

Effect of feed restriction on the maintenance energy requirement of broiler breeders

Dynamic of heat production partitioning in rooster by indirect calorimetry

Energy Metabolism of Broiler Breeder Hens.

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