Relationship Between Strains of Rhizobium Japonicum and Their Bacteriophages From Soil and Nodules of Field-Grown Soybeans

Kowalski, M.; Ham, G. E.; Frederick, L. R.; Anderson, I. C.

doi:10.1097/00010694-197409000-00012

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Keyser et al (1984) examined the distribution of indigenous soybean-nodulating rhizobia in the United States and found that serogroup 123 was dominant in northern regions and B. elkanii in southern regions. Other studies support these results, with some exceptions in the case of alkaline soils, in which Bradyrhizobium serogroup 135 or Sinorhizobium/ Ensifer fredii predominate (Damirgi et al, 1967;Ham et al, 1971;Kowalski et al, 1974;Gross et al, 1979;Suzuki et al, 2008). Further studies are still needed, however, to examine the many environmental factors potentially affecting indigenous bradyrhizobia.…”

Section: Polar Ordination Of Community Diversity and Latitudementioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization of Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobial Communities and Diversity

Saeki¹

2011

Soybean - Molecular Aspects of Breeding

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Section: Polar Ordination Of Community Diversity and Latitudementioning

confidence: 89%

Characterization of Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobial Communities and Diversity

Saeki¹

2011

Soybean - Molecular Aspects of Breeding

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“…Bacteriophage (NM 11), which was capable of specifically killing our standard bacterial strain, B. japonicum I-10 O-ARS, was isolated from local soil which had been heavily inoculated with rhizobia 1-10O-ARS, according to the method described by Klowalski et al (4). The bacteriophage remained active for several weeks when stored in water at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Does the Self-Regulatory Response Elicited in Soybean Root after Inoculation Occur?

Malik¹,

Bauer²

1988

Plant Physiol.

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The inoculation of soybean (Glycine max L.) roots with Bradyrhizobium japonicum produces a regulatory response that inhibits nodulation in the younger regions of the roots. By exposing the soybean roots to live homologous bacteria for only a short period of time, the question of whether or not early interactions of rhizobia with root cells, prior to infection, elicit this regulatory response has been explored. B. japonicum cells mixed with infective bacteriophages were applied to the roots and then 6 or 24 hours later roots were again inoculated with phage-resistant rhizobia. Mixing of the rhizobia and bacteriophages caused bacterial lysis in 6 to 8 hours and allowed the bacteria to act as live symbionts on the root for only a few hours. However, the interaction of live homologous bacteria with the soybean roots for a few hours did not cause inhibition of nodulation in the younger regions of the roots. Results of these experiments indicate that the self-regulatory response in soybean is not rapidly produced by the early, pre-infection, interactions between rhizobia and the root cells.In soybean (Glycine max L.), nodulation frequency decreases considerably down in the younger regions of the roots (1, 2). Previous studies (7), involving double inoculation of the roots, showed that the nodulation in the younger regions of soybean root was suppressed by prior inoculation of more mature regions of the root. The suppressive response was not elicited by heterologous or by dead homologous bacteria (7). Based on the short distance between the regions of maximum nodulation and suppressed nodulation, it was inferred that the suppressive response was elicited very rapidly, within an hour or so, by the first inoculum (2, 7). More recent studies (3), however, revealed that the initiation of infection in the younger regions was not suppressed. Instead, it appeared that the process was suppressed at various stages of infection development, including later stages just prior to nodule emergence. This raised the question of whether suppressive responses were triggered by pre-infection events taking place within a few hours after inoculation or by post-penetration events associated with subsequent infection development. In order to address this question, we attempted to provide the soybean roots with short, defined exposure(s) to live '

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“…Recently Ham (1967) observed that uninoculated soybeans grown in an Iowa field for the first time had from 1 to 2 nodules per plant. Nash and Moerman (1967) and Diatloff (1969) reported that in their respective countries of Rhodesia and Australia, soybeans must be inoc ulated to get nodulation on fields where soybeans have not been grown previously but Tuzimura and Watanabe (1960a) found that a native forest in Japan contained approximately 100 R. japonicum per gram of soil.…”

Section: Review Of Literature Populations Of Rhizobium Japonicum In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences between the symbiotic nitrogen fixing abilities of rhizobia is well documented (Wright, 1925a;Boyes and Bond, 1942;Damirgi, 1963;Abel and Erdman, 1964;Caldwell et al, 1966;Ham, 1967;and Sloger, 1969). Wright (1925b) performed inoculation trials for 3 consecu tive years in the greenhouse and in the field with 6 strains of R. j aponicum.…”

Section: Relative Efficiencies Among Strains Of R Japonicummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…japonicum resulted in from 0 to 100% of the nodules being formed by the inoculum strain Johnson et al, 1965;and Ham, 1967). All of the nodules on field grown soybeans were determined to be of the inoculum type by Johnson and Means (1964) and Ham (1967) when fewer than 3 nodules per plant were on the uninoculated plants.…”

Section: Competition Between Strains Of Rhizobia For Nodule Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Populations of Rhizobium japonicum in Iowa soils and inoculum level needed for nodulation of Glycine max (L.) Merrill

Weaver

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Relationship Between Strains of Rhizobium Japonicum and Their Bacteriophages From Soil and Nodules of Field-Grown Soybeans

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization of Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobial Communities and Diversity

Characterization of Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobial Communities and Diversity

When Does the Self-Regulatory Response Elicited in Soybean Root after Inoculation Occur?

Populations of Rhizobium japonicum in Iowa soils and inoculum level needed for nodulation of Glycine max (L.) Merrill

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