Relationship Between the Caudate Nucleus and the Dorsal Hippocampus, in the Cat

Grutta, V La; Amato, Giuseppe; Avellone, S

doi:10.3109/13813457209070441

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Considerable experimental evidence shows that caudate manipulation affects seizures, both independent of and dependent on substantia nigra (Bergmann et al, 1963;La Grutta et al, 1971, 1986; Amato et al, 1982; Sabatino et al, 1985). The striatum and pallidum have extensive connections with the limbic system and can modulate its function (La Grutta et al, 1972;Nauta, 1986). La Grutta et al showed a striato-pallido-septal-hippocampal circuit for modulating hippocampal excitability, in which diminished caudate outflow appears to result in increased hippocampal excitability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical Metabolic Alterations in Partial Epilepsy

et al. 1990

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The function of subcortical nuclei in partial epilepsy was investigated using positron emission tomography (PET) to measure metabolism in the basal ganglia and thalamus. Sixteen patients undergoing surgical evaluation were studied with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) interictally and had intensive extracranial and intracranial electrophysiologic evaluations. Eight patients had left temporal lobe seizure foci, six had right temporal lobe foci, and two had right posterotemporal or parietal foci. The PET data were analyzed visually and quantitatively, using a multivariate analysis of variance on the quantitative data. Hypometabolism of subcortical nuclei was present ipsilateral to the cortical seizure focus. Cortical hypometabolism was noted focally in the temporal lobe in patients with left temporal lobe seizure foci, whereas patients with right temporal lobe seizure foci had diffuse hemispheric hypometabolism. We postulate that the subcortical hypometabolism is secondary to decreased efferent activity from temporal lobe structures, in particular amygdala and hippocampus, to subcortical nuclei. Diminished subcortical activity may then lead to defective regulation of cortical excitability in the temporal lobe, increasing the likelihood of seizure development and spread.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcortical Metabolic Alterations in Partial Epilepsy

et al. 1990

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“…The fact that GABA interneurons, involved in RSA generation, are also important for interictal epileptic activity may be directly linked to the alterations in hippocampal neuronal transmission associated with the presence or absence on RSA (WINSON & h z u c , 1977;LEUNG, 1980;B U Z S~I et al, 1981). A certain degree of control of paroxysmal activity is certainly exerted by the basal ganglia (LA GRUTTA et al, 1971, 1972AMATO et al, 1982;SABATINO et al, 1984SABATINO et al, , 1985SABATINO et al, , 1986a. These results are interpretable, at least in part, on the basis of a lack of GABA-mediated activity following injection of the convulsant drug PCN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some experiments suggest that theta depends on a circuit mediated by inhibitory interneurons, which utilize GABA as their neurotransmitter (RIBACK et al, 1978). Since two important features of hippocampal function (theta and epileptogenesis) seem to be closely related to the basal ganglia (ADEY et al, 1958;LA GRUTTA ef al., 1971, 1972KLEMM & DREYFUS, 1975;SABATINO et al, 1984SABATINO et al, , 1985SABATINO et al, , 1986a and since the r81e of the theta pacemaker is commonly attributed to the MSN, an attempt was made to determine whether caudate influence may act on this neural centre. Recent theories about the epileptic activity evoked by PCN underline the possibility that interictal PCN spikes may be due to an enhancement of excitatory mechanisms (ANDERSEN et al, 1978;WONG & PRINCE, 1978) associated with a lack of inhibitory phenomena, particularly those mediated by GABA (WONG & PRINCE, 1978& 1979ANDERSON & RUTLEDGE, 1979;CUTLER & YOUNG, 1979).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative occurrence between hippocampal rhythmic slow activity and epileptiform spikes: Influence of the striatum

Grutta¹,

Simonetti²,

Gravante³

et al. 1986

Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie

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295ReCu le 2 mai 1986.Negative occurrence between hippocampal rhythmic slow activity and epileptiform spikes : influence of the striatum ( 1 ) . (3 figures)The effects of caudate and septal stimulation on hippocampal activity were studied. Sodium penicillin was intravenously injected in order to induce a steady rate of interictal epileptic activity. Penicillin injection caused significant reduction of the rate of occurrence and duration of hippocampal rhythmic slow activity (RSA). Spontaneous RSA as well as RSA-eliciting caudate and septal stimulation induced a marked inhibition on frequency of epileptiform complexes. Lesions of the medial septal nucleus made it impossible to record RSA or to observe any sort of influence on hippocampal epileptiform activity by caudate stimulation. This result suggests that the septum is important for RSA genesis in the striato-hippocampal pathway or in the reciprocal septo-hippocampal connections. ( I ) This work was supported by grants from the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and the Minister0 della Pubblico Istruzione, Rome, Italy. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Mcgill University on 12/04/14 For personal use only. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Mcgill University on 12/04/14 For personal use only.

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The control of amygdaloid seizures by the globus pallidus

et al. 1981

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166the tonus of isolated guinea-pig lung parenchymal strip.Among the smooth muscle preparations tested, the most sensitive to PLS was found to be isolated, helically cut strips of rabbit arteries. Based on the present findings the biological activity of PLS differs from that of PGE 2 or PGE 1 which eliminates the possibility that PLS could be one of the E-prostaglandins or a mixture of them, which confirms our previous findings. The observed spectrum of activity of PLS resembles that of PGI2X~ both relax bovine coronary artery and rabbit mesenteric and coeliac arteries; both contract the rat stomach strip and both typically inhibit spontaneous movements of the isolated guinea-pig ileum. Therefore, to check the possibility that PLS could be identical with PGI2, their effects on platelet aggregation induced either by ADP or collagen have been determined. PLS, similarly to PGI2, inhibits platelet aggregation regardless of the inducer used. However, a few distinctions between the anti-aggregatory activity of PLS and that of PGI2 have been noted. One is that the anti-aggregatory activity of PLS is heat resistant, i.e., it is not destroyed by immersion in a 100 ~ water bath for 15 sec. Secondly, the anti-aggregatory activity of PLS is preferentially directed against collagen. When 10 gM of ADP is used to induce platelet aggregation, the 1C50 for PLS is between 70-80 gl/ ml; and when 5 gg of collagen per ml of PRP is used to induce platelet aggregation the 1C50 for PLS is between 0.5-2.0 gl/ml. It therefore seems that the anti-aggregatory activity of PLS against collagen is about 70 times higher than that against ADP. Third, there is a quantitative difference between the de-aggregatory activities of PLS and PGI 2 (de-aggregation is defined as the light transmittance decrease, correlated to the amount of PGI 2 added at the Experientia 37 (1981), Birkh~iuser Verlag, Basel (Schweiz) height Of collagen-induced aggregation). In that respect PLS is about 10 times weaker than PGI 2. The prostaglandins and related compounds constitute a complex system both regarding their effects as smooth muscle stimulants and their ability to enhance or else inhibit platelet aggregation. This study indicates that PLS is not identical with primary prostaglandins or PGI 2. The present data confirm the powerful and specific biological activity of these compounds. Moreover, PLS possess a unique pattern in their anti-aggregatory effect on platelets. It seems that PLS constitute a new type of bacterial metabolite. However, how these substances contribute on the inflammatory sequelae of acne vulgaris remains to be determined. Summary. Both in acute and chronic cats entopeduncular stimulation inhibits, to a greater extent than caudate activation, focal paroxysmal activity in the ventro-basal complex of the amygdala. Lesion of entopeduncular neurons, by means of kainic acid injection, induces a decrease of the caudate inhibitory effect. It is suggested that neostriatal control of the amygdaloid seizures occurs partly through the globus pallidus.It has...

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Relationship Between the Caudate Nucleus and the Dorsal Hippocampus, in the Cat

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Subcortical Metabolic Alterations in Partial Epilepsy

Subcortical Metabolic Alterations in Partial Epilepsy

Negative occurrence between hippocampal rhythmic slow activity and epileptiform spikes: Influence of the striatum

The control of amygdaloid seizures by the globus pallidus

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