Relationship between the fertile period and sperm transport in the bitch

Artificial Insemination in Dogs

“…In dogs, during natural mating, occurs the projection of a considerable portion of the ejaculate into the uterus, through the cervical canal, during the coital tie (England et al, 2006;Thomassen & Farstad, 2009). When performing AI we should be aware that vaginal deposition per se will negatively influence sperm cell survival and their transport in the female genital tract, and therefore impairs ability to achieve normal whelping rates and/or litter sizes.…”

“…As in other species, in dogs sperm cell number in the uterine lumen may be influenced by many factors, such as the moment of estrus, the type of breeding (natural mating or insemination) the method of insemination (intravaginal or intrauterine), the type of semen www.intechopen.com (fresh, chilled or frozen) and sperm quality (total and progressive motility and sperm speed), besides some individual variations (Rijsselaere et al, 2004). However, despite the influence of the intrauterine vs. vaginal insemination on the success of the procedure, once intrauterine insemination is achieve, the exact place of semen deposition is not of the main importance for the sperm distribution within the uterus (England et al, 2006;Rijsselaere et al, 2004). Consequently, no potential differences or advantages exist between the vaginal endoscopic approach and laparoscopy when the intra-uterine insemination is intended, as no differences were found in the deposition of the semen in the uterine body or the cranial tip of the uterine horns (Fukushima et al, 2010).…”

Selectivity in the transport of spermatozoa to oviductal reservoirs in the menstruating fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata

“…This has been viewed as evidence that these sites, as well as the UTJ, may function as temporary sperm reservoirs (Rijsselaere et al 2004, England et al 2006. It has also been suggested that endometrial glands, crypts, and clefts in cows and dogs may sequester excess spermatozoa, thereby reducing the number that can reach the ampulla and enhancing the probability of monospermic fertilization (Hunter 1995, Rijsselaere et al 2004, England et al 2006.…”

“…There is, however, an area immediately around the entrance to each uterotubal junction (UTJ) that appears to promote the longer survival of a small population of spermatozoa and their entry into the UTJ. Previous studies indicate that this region may perform similar functions in dogs (England et al 2006). Transport into the UTJ is also highly selective, as it involves only small number of spermatozoa, but with no menstrual debris or leukocytes.…”

Biología Gestacional y Predicción del Parto en la Perra

“…Luego, la progresión de la meiosis tiene lugar durante el transporte del ovocito a través del oviducto, finalizando en la región distal del mismo con la formación de un ovocito II (gameto haploide) ( Además, se ha observado que los espermatozoides caninos tienen la capacidad de mantener su capacidad fertilizante en el tracto femenino por 6 o 7 días antes de la fecundación (Concannon et al, 1983;Tsutsui, 1989). Experiencias in vitro demuestran que los espermatozoides caninos pueden unirse a células epiteliales del útero y del oviducto, prolongando su viabilidad, motilidad e inhibiendo la capacitación espermática (Kawakami et al, 2001;England et al, 2006). En un estudio in vivo se describe que la fecundación ocurre principalmente 90 horas después de la ovulación, cuando los ovocitos han completado su maduración nuclear (Reynaud et al, 2005).…”