Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites abundant in our diet. These compounds may afect positively or negatively the sensory characteristics of food with important impacts on color, lavor, and astringency. An adequate consumption of phenolic compounds may also ofer health beneits. After the consumption of fruits, the colon is the main site of microbial fermentation, where high molecular weight phenolic compounds are transformed into low molecular weight phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids or lactone structures by intestinal microbiota, which produce metabolites with biological and antioxidant activity, with evidence on health beneits for humans. A large amount of diferent phenolic compounds are responsible for physicochemical and sensory characteristics of table grapes and wines. Also, sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is one of the most popular temperate table fruits; they contain lavonoids, lavan-3-ols, and lavonols in addition to non-lavonoid compounds. Anthocyanins are the major polyphenols in blueberries, and this group of phytochemicals is thought to be responsible for many of the health beneits of berry consumption. Therefore, considering the importance of red/dark-colored fruits phenolic composition, the purpose of this chapter is to make a review of the most recent publications about these fruits' phenolic composition and their impact on sensorial properties as well as the efect of microorganisms on fruit phenolic composition.