Relationship between transitional lumbosacral vertebrae and eight lumbar vertebrae in a breeding colony of Labrador Retrievers and Labrador Crosses

Moeser, CF; Wade, Claire M.

doi:10.1111/avj.12547

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This study did however not include any of the breeds evaluated in our study. Based on the variable interbreed prevalence, a genetic predisposition has been suggested, with heritability estimates for German Shepherd dogs stated between 0.2 and 0.5 . Heritability of transitional vertebrae has not been investigated in small brachycephalic breeds, but can be considered likely in Pugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Congenital malformations of the lumbosacral vertebral column are common in neurologically normal French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs, with breed‐specific differences

Bertram

Haar

Decker

2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Congenital vertebral malformations are common findings on diagnostic imaging of the vertebral column in “screw‐tailed” brachycephalic dogs. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of lumbosacral congenital vertebral malformations in French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs presenting for problems unrelated to spinal disease, as well as possible associations with the degree of tail malformation, lumbosacral intervertebral disc herniation, or spondylosis deformans. In this retrospective cross‐sectional study, CT scans of vertebrae L6 to S3 and of the coccygeal vertebrae were reviewed for type of congenital vertebral malformations (hemivertebrae, block vertebrae, lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, and spina bifida), lumbosacral intervertebral disc herniation, lumbosacral spondylosis deformans, and degree of tail malformation. In 76 (51.0%) of the 149 included dogs (53 French Bulldogs, 37 English Bulldogs, and 59 Pugs) at least one type of congenital vertebral malformations was found, with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae being the most common (34.2%). There was a significantly higher prevalence of lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (54.2%) and lower prevalence of hemivertebrae (1.7%) in Pugs compared to English (13.5% and 24.3%, respectively) and French Bulldogs (26.4% and 32.0%, respectively). Tail malformation was significantly more severe in dogs with evidence of hemivertebrae. Congenital vertebral malformations are a common finding in the lumbosacral vertebral column of French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs. These anatomical variances need to be considered when interpreting diagnostic studies and when planning for neurosurgical and neurodiagnostic procedures. Furthermore, this study suggests a possible association between the degree of tail malformation and lumbosacral hemivertebrae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the cause and pathogenesis of these malformations remain unknown, most studies support multifactorial etiologies . A recent study has identified a mutation in the gene DVL2 linked with thoracic and caudal vertebral column malformations in English Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, and Boston Terriers but not in Pugs .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital malformations of the lumbosacral vertebral column are common in neurologically normal French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs, with breed‐specific differences

Bertram

Haar

Decker

2019

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…In dogs, the anatomical variations and morphologic abnormalities along the spine, including the transitional vertebrae, have been investigated more often than in other species, due to the possibility of using imaging methods and techniques and the well-known predisposition of this species to these modifications. In dogs, the presence of a supernumerary vertebra (L8) is often reported and usually has no clinical importance ( Moeser and Wade 2017 ). Our observations showed that, in general, the L8 is shorter than the last lumbar vertebra when the lumbar region counts 7 vertebrae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitional, fused and/or supernumerary vertebrae in the lumbosacrocaudal region of the spine - A reality in many domestic mammals

Toader Covasa

2024

Vet. Med.

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The aim of this study was to identify the presence of transitional lumbosacral and sacrocaudal vertebrae in domestic mammals, to realise a comparative analysis of the localisation and conformation of this abnormal condition. The research included the following species: cattle – 29 specimens, sheep – 32 specimens, horse – 31 specimens, pig – 26 specimens, rabbit – 33 specimens, dog – 89 specimens and cat – 57 specimens. The spine of the animals was analysed post-mortem or radiologically. The investigations revealed the presence of transitional vertebrae as follows: in cattle – 3 cases (8.7%), all being about the lumbarisation of the first sacral vertebra (S1); in sheep – 3 cases (9.37%), two lumbarisation cases of S1 and one caudalisation of S4 (the last sacral vertebra); in horses – 4 cases (12.9%), all about the sacralisation of Cd1 (first caudal vertebra); in pigs – 3 cases (11.53%), two lumbarisation cases of S1 and one sacralisation of Cd1; in rabbits – 3 cases (9.09%), a lumbar supernumerary vertebra (L8) and two cases of caudalisation of S4; in dogs – 4 cases (4.49%), a lumbar supernumerary vertebra (L8) and 3 cases of sacralisation of the last lumbar vertebra (L7 or L8); in cats – 3 cases (5.26%), two sacralisation cases of the last lumbar vertebra and one case of caudalisation of the last sacral vertebra (S3). A strong lumbarisation process was observed in ruminants (especially in cattle), then in pigs, the sacralisation being prevalent in carnivores. The sacrocaudal transitional vertebra was predominant in horses. No evident influence of the sex and age of the animals was observed.

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“…A recent study reported an increased probability in the occurrence of the transitional lumbosacral vertebra in the offspring of Labradors when both parents had either eight lumbar vertebrae, a fusion or a reduction in the space between the S3 and Ca1 vertebrae (Moeser & Wade, 2017), and these characteristics were likely to be influenced by major gene effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural anatomy and morphometric analyses of sacra in greyhounds

Ismail

Murray

Stevenson

et al. 2021

Anat Histol Embryol

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This study was conducted to provide structural and morphological data on the sacra of greyhounds. Descriptive quantitative investigation was carried out on 171 sacra of greyhound`s cadavers and then classified into standard and fused sacra based on the number of fused sacral vertebrae. The weight, length and width of sacrum of sacra were measured. Both standard (59%) and fused sacra (41%) were identified. The average length and width of the standard sacrum were found to be 46.14 ± 2.53 mm and 57.89 ± 3.54 mm, respectively. The sacral length was 1.61‐mm longer in males (p < .01), and the sacral width was 0.46‐mm shorter in males but not significant (p = .51). The average weight of a standard sacrum was 26.54 ± 4.55 g and was 1.18 g heavier in males but not statistically significant (p = .24). Results showed that one‐kilogram increase in the body mass was associated with a 0.3 mm (p < .001) increase in sacral length, and a 0.54 mm (p < .001) increase in sacral width, respectively. The morphological data of the standard and fused sacra provided in this study might help the veterinary community to improve treatment and rehabilitation and help the trainer to design the right training protocol for racing greyhounds. In addition, the results of this study are a step to understand the sacrum’s functions and how the greyhound's body functions and future studies are required to investigate the biological importance of these findings.

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Relationship between transitional lumbosacral vertebrae and eight lumbar vertebrae in a breeding colony of Labrador Retrievers and Labrador Crosses

Abstract: When performing screening radiographs for TLSV, assessment for 8LV and fusion of Ca1 to S3 should be included.

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Congenital malformations of the lumbosacral vertebral column are common in neurologically normal French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs, with breed‐specific differences

Congenital malformations of the lumbosacral vertebral column are common in neurologically normal French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, and Pugs, with breed‐specific differences

Transitional, fused and/or supernumerary vertebrae in the lumbosacrocaudal region of the spine - A reality in many domestic mammals

Structural anatomy and morphometric analyses of sacra in greyhounds

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