Relationship between trunk muscle strength, reaching ability and balance in children with Down syndrome – A cross-sectional study

Jain, Preyal D.; Nayak, Akshatha; Karnad, Shreekanth D.

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2021.09.005

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Most of the research focusing on sitting while balancing has been done on infants and children with DS and ASD. Broadly, the results show delayed acquisition of the sitting stance and lack of balance control associated with the sitting position in both populations ( Connolly and Michael, 1986 ; Lauteslager et al, 1998 ; Minshew et al, 2004 ; Czermainski et al, 2014 ; Semrud-Clikeman et al, 2014 ; Arabameri and Sotoodeh, 2015 ; Marchal et al, 2016 ; Leezenbaum and Iverson, 2019 ; Jain et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…For individuals with DS, impaired postural control, and equilibrium, as well as weaknesses in head control and trunk stability, can disrupt the proprioceptive system and hinder sensory integration ( Uyanik et al, 2003 ; Georgescu et al, 2016 ; Jain et al, 2022 ). These difficulties in maintaining stable posture and coordinating movements can directly impact the ability to sit comfortably and maintain the necessary balance required for typing.…”

Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absence of proprioceptive information from legs and ankles joints makes the trunk primarily responsible of maintaining a balanced upright position ( Genthon and Rougier, 2006 ). The literature indicates that both the DS and ASD populations may have weakened trunk muscular strength, challenging balance while sitting ( Kohen-Raz, 1981 ; Weiss et al, 2013 ; Salar et al, 2014 ; Ghaeeni et al, 2015 ; Aly and Abonour, 2016 ; Salar and Daneshmandi, 2016 ; Jain et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Touch may reduce cognitive load during assisted typing by individuals with developmental disabilities

Nicoli

Pavon

Grayson

et al. 2023

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

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Many techniques have attempted to provide physical support to ease the execution of a typing task by individuals with developmental disabilities (DD). These techniques have been controversial due to concerns that the support provider’s touch can influence the typed content. The most common interpretation of assisted typing as an ideomotor phenomenon has been qualified recently by studies showing that users with DD make identifiable contributions to the process. This paper suggests a neurophysiological pathway by which touch could lower the cognitive load of seated typing by people with DD. The required sensorimotor processes (stabilizing posture and planning and executing manual reaching movements) and cognitive operations (generating and transcribing linguistic material) place concurrent demands on cognitive resources, particularly executive function (EF). A range of developmental disabilities are characterized by deficits in sensorimotor and EF capacity. As light touch has been shown to facilitate postural coordination, it is proposed that a facilitator’s touch could assist the seated typist with sensorimotor and EF deficits by reducing their sensorimotor workload and thereby freeing up shared cognitive resources for the linguistic elements of the task. This is the first theoretical framework for understanding how a facilitator’s touch may assist individuals with DD to contribute linguistic content during touch-assisted typing.

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Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensorimotor Deficits In Ddmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Touch may reduce cognitive load during assisted typing by individuals with developmental disabilities

Nicoli

Pavon

Grayson

et al. 2023

Front. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Moreover, Barati et al showed in their study that the endurance of the extensor muscles is a significant predictor of students' ability to maintain static balance [16]. Additionally, it has been shown that the strength of the trunk muscles, especially the extensors, affects balance in children with certain types of disabilities [45]. These assertions suggest that people who have problems with balance control could benefit not only from exercises specifically designed for balance enhancement, but also from those aimed at increasing trunk muscle endurance which, according to Barati et al, could lead to 30% improvement in static balance [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Balance Performance in Adolescents

Kovačević,

Krasnik,

Mikov

et al. 2024

Children

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(1) Background: The influence of different factors on balance in adolescence is assessed by conducting functional balance tests that examine its different components. (2) Materials and methods: The study sample comprised 110 healthy adolescents of both sexes, aged 12−18 years. Single Leg Stance with Eyes Open (SLS-EO) and Eyes Closed (SLS-EC) tests were conducted to evaluate static balance, whereas the Functional Reach Test (FRT) and Lateral Reach Test (LRT) were performed to establish functional stability limits. The influence of sex, age, demographic factors, anthropometric characteristics, participation in sports activities, and trunk extensor muscle endurance (Biering–Sorensen test) on balance performance was determined through correlational and univariate linear regression analyses. (3) Results: Older age (Beta[β] = 0.247; 95% CI [0.75, 5.20]; p < 0.01) and better trunk extensor muscle endurance (β = 0.224; 95% CI [0.015, 0.13]; p < 0.05) were significant predictors of the SLS-EO results, while younger age (β = −0.219; 95% CI [−1.32, −0.11]; p < 0.05) and higher muscle percentage (β = 0.237; 95% CI [0.06, 0.48]; p < 0.05) emerged as significant predictors of LRT performance, and greater bone mass was a significant predictor of FRT results (β = 0.444; 95% CI [3.62, 8.17]; p < 0.01). However, none of the independent variables was a statistically significant predictor of the SLS-EC results. (4) Conclusions: The current study found that age, trunk extensor muscle endurance, muscle percentage, and bone mass are significant predictors of different balance components, suggesting that balance is task-specific.

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“…Children with Down syndrome have neuromuscular disorders that cause developmental delays, poor movement quality, and poor balance [10]. Movement difficulties linked with Down syndrome can lead to a more sedentary lifestyle and decreased physical fitness, with adults having poorer aerobic capacity than healthy people [11,12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The benefit of a four-week range of motion exercise on hand muscle strength in children with Down Syndrome

Raharjo,

Yunus,

Pelana

et al. 2023

ppcs

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Background and Study Aim. Down syndrome is linked to motor disorders, leading to reduced physical activity and fitness, including diminished aerobic endurance and muscle strength. Study Aim - to investigate the efficacy of range of motion exercises in enhancing hand muscle strength in children with Down syndrome. Material and Methods. This research employed a true experimental approach with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The study sample consisted of 18 children with Down syndrome, aged between 10 to 12 years. The selected participants underwent range of motion exercises, which were systematically conducted 3 times a week over a span of 4 weeks. To assess the efficacy of the exercises, hand muscle strength was gauged both before and after the intervention. The measurement tool utilized was a Handgrip Strength (HGS) test, executed with the aid of a Takei dynamometer, ensuring accuracy and consistency in the results. For the statistical analysis of the collected data, a paired sample t-test was employed. The threshold for statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05 or 5%. Results. The range of motion exercise, when carried out for 4 weeks, has been shown to increase hand muscle strength in children with Down syndrome. Based on the results of statistical analysis of hand muscle strength pretest and posttest in the control group (CtrG) (6.06 ± 2.11 vs. 6.13 ± 2.23 kg, p ≥ 0.05), and the experimental group (ExpG) (6.10 ± 2.68 vs. 8.95 ± 2.69 kg, p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions. These exercises play a pivotal role in boosting muscle strength in children with Down syndrome. Emphasizing their physical health, especially muscle strength, is vital for their current educational pursuits and future well-being.

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Relationship between trunk muscle strength, reaching ability and balance in children with Down syndrome – A cross-sectional study

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Touch may reduce cognitive load during assisted typing by individuals with developmental disabilities

Touch may reduce cognitive load during assisted typing by individuals with developmental disabilities

Factors Affecting Balance Performance in Adolescents

The benefit of a four-week range of motion exercise on hand muscle strength in children with Down Syndrome

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