Relationship of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness with resting blood pressure of South African adolescents: the PAHL Study

Awotidebe, Adedapo; Monyeki, M.A.; Moss, Sarah; Strydom, Gert L.; Amstrong, M; Kemper, Han C. G.

doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.81

Cited by 20 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The article presents findings from cross-sectional (2011) data from PAHLS. Detailed information about the participants, method of data collection and sample size has been published elsewhere [35,38]. The sample comprised 238 adolescents (90 boys and 148 girls) with an average age of 14.9 ± 0.8 years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous publications on the sample under study in the Physical Activity Health Longitudinal Study (PAHLS) reported findings on body composition, physical fitness, lipid profiles, blood pressure, physical activity and the social correlates of physical activity [34,35,36,37,38], but none of these studies have investigated participation in organized sports (i.e., as a component of PA and not competitive sport) in relation to body composition, physical fitness and PA social correlates. In general, when studying youth PA, the influence of different factors must be considered (i.e., age, gender, type of support, weight status, type of sport and socio-economic status).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between Sport Participation, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Social Correlates Among Adolescents: The PAHL Study

Korcz

Monyeki

2018

IJERPH

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Background: Evidence suggests that social support impacts on participation in sport or physical activity (PA), and is associated with health benefits, although the link is complex and not well understood. The study aim was to examine whether participation in organized sports is related to body composition, physical fitness, and social correlates for PA. Methods: Cross-sectional data on 238 adolescents (90 boys and 148 girls), mean age 14.9 ± 0.8 years, who were participants in the Physical Activity and Health Longitudinal Study, were collected. The participants were divided into two groups: sport participation (SP) and non-sport participation (NSP). Height, weight, and triceps and subscapular skinfolds were assessed according to standard procedures. Weight (kg) and height (m2) were used to calculate body mass index (BMI), and skinfolds were used to calculate body fat percentage. The European Test of Physical Fitness (EUROFIT) battery of tests was used to assess physical fitness. The standardized International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and Social Support for PA questionnaires were used to obtain information on PA and social correlates for PA, respectively. Participants were asked to choose between participation and non-participation in sport. Results: The SP group had lower BMI component values (p = 0.011, d = 0.52 for percentage body fat (%BF); p = 0.011, d = 0.53 for sum of skinfolds (∑SKF) obtained higher physical fitness scores in selected items (p = 0.003, d = 0.64 for sit ups (SUP); p < 0.000, d = 0.96 for maximal oxygen consumption VO2max) and received higher social support (p < 0.001, d = 0.86 for social support (SS)), than the NSP group. The social support received by those participating in sport correlated positively with most fitness components (p = 0.013, r2 = 18% for bent arm hang (BAH); p = 0.000, r2 = 12% for sit ups (SUP); p = 0.000, r2 = 17% for VO2max). Physical fitness components were negatively associated with most body composition components for both groups. Conclusions: The results provide a better understanding of sport participation in organized sports-related, body composition-related and physical fitness-related associations with changes in social support received by adolescents and may contribute to the development of more accurate promotive strategies to increase children’s and adolescents’ engagement in sport and PA.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Sport Participation, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Social Correlates Among Adolescents: The PAHL Study

Korcz

Monyeki

2018

IJERPH

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“…[56,57] Higher adiposity has been associated with poor blood pressure and cardiovascular fitness measures. [59] Since the high prevalence of overweight/obesity persists, the grade remains a D. Undernutrition C Based on regional studies, undernutrition remains a problem in both rural and urban areas. [56,[60][61][62] No recent national data on indicators of undernutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight) are available for the 5 -15-yearold age group.…”

Section: Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Results from the Healthy Active Kids South Africa 2018 Report Card

Draper¹,

Tomaz

Harbron

et al. 2019

S Afr J CH

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Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the physical and mental health of children and adolescents (0-17 years old), [1,2] while higher levels of sedentary behaviour (particularly screen time) are associated with unfavourable health outcomes. [3,4] Nutrition has been recognised as a factor contributing to the development of overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. [5] A nutrient-dense diet and regular PA are beneficial for overall child growth, health and wellbeing. [6] Healthy lifestyle behaviours also play a role in cognitive development and school achievement in children and adolescents. [7] The Healthy Active Kids South Africa (HAKSA) Report Card reviews the most current evidence on the PA, nutrition and body composition of South African (SA) children and adolescents. This evidence provides the basis from which to guide policy, develop interventions and programmes and strengthen advocacy to create healthy environments and support healthy nutrition and PA, and discourage sedentary behaviours in SA children and adolescents. Children and adolescents (0-19 years old) make up 39% of the total population of SA (~52 million people in total). [8] Although this proportion of children and adolescents is relatively high, it is lower than those in some other African countries: the proportion of children and adolescents 0-14 years old (a narrower age range) is also 39% in Zimbabwe (population ~13.8 million), and in Nigeria the proportion of 0-14 year olds is 43% (population ~190.6 million). [9] Results from the HAKSA 2016 Report Card indicated that more than 50% of SA children were meeting PA recommendations, and government policies for the support of sport and PA in children and adolescents were evident. Areas of concern were high amounts of screen time and sedentary behaviour, as well as low fruit and vegetable consumption, and high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and fast foods. Undernutrition and overweight/obesity were highlighted as a concern, as overweight prevalence was increasing, [10] and the HAKSA 2016 Report Card highlighted the persistence of the double burden of under-and over-nutrition across South Africa. [11] The HAKSA 2018 Report Card is the fifth in the series (since 2007), [10-12] and aims to report on the available evidence relating to PA, sedentary behaviours, nutrition and body composition of SA children and adolescents (3-18 years old) published since the 2016 Report Card. In addition, we consider the related environmental and ecological factors that may be barriers to or facilitators for healthy eating and PA in SA children and adolescents. Methods The HAKSA 2018 Report Card has been developed and produced by a scientific advisory group consisting of 29 academics and/or content experts, with group leaders for physical activity, nutrition, body composition and early childhood content (in the context of this article, 'early childhood' refers to preschool-aged children, or those aged between 3 and 5 years old). Comprehensive searches on PubMed, Africa Journals Online, Africa-Wide I...

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“…9 Bearing in mind the importance of epidemiological studies in hypertension, this special issue of the Journal of Human Hypertension has been devoted entirely to epidemiological studies. We have papers from China, 10,11 Guinea, 12 Bangladesh, 13 Iran, 14 Canada, 15 South Africa 16 and Nigeria. 17 Interestingly, there are still new data being published from populations that have previously not been studied.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studying disease patterns in small ethnic groups, such as the indigenous population in Canada, 15 or specific age groups, such as adolescents in South Africa, 16 also gives us important information showing that each ethnic group or each age group is unique and has to be dealt with differently.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological studies in hypertension: more relevant than ever

Nadar

2016

J Hum Hypertens

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Relationship of adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness with resting blood pressure of South African adolescents: the PAHL Study

Cited by 20 publications

References 66 publications

Association Between Sport Participation, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Social Correlates Among Adolescents: The PAHL Study

Association Between Sport Participation, Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Social Correlates Among Adolescents: The PAHL Study

Results from the Healthy Active Kids South Africa 2018 Report Card

Epidemiological studies in hypertension: more relevant than ever

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