Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability

Pantelis, Christos; Harvey, Carol; Plant, Gillian; Fossey, Ellie; Maruff, Paul; Stuart, Geoffrey W.; Brewer, Warrick J.; Nelson, Hazel E.; Robbins, Trevor W.; Barnes, T.R.E.

doi:10.1017/s0033291703001569

Cited by 59 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Similar to previous set-shifting studies in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans (Dias et al, 1996a,b;Birrell andBrown, 2000, Fox et al, 2003;McLean et al, 2004;Pantelis et al, 2004;Chudasama and Robbins, 2006;Jazbec et al, 2007), impairments during EDS for subjects with lesions of prefrontal cortex or parietal cortices, or brain degenerative diseases (e.g., schizophrenia), are unable to switch attention to a previously irrelevant dimension. Attention to the original relevant dimension remains strong in these subjects, and they are more vulnerable to perseveration to the stimuli of the previously relevant dimension, which becomes irrelevant when solving the EDS problem.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Double Dissociation of Attentional Resources: Prefrontal Versus Cingulate Cortices

Ng¹,

Noblejas²,

Rodefer³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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Efficient attention to our environment facilitates the decisions that need to be executed in daily life. Filtering critical from noncritical information may require the neural organization of multiple brain regions. Combining lesion techniques and the rodent version of the Wisconsin card sorting task in humans, we show at least two types of attentional processing systems reside in the cingulate and prefrontal cortices depending on task demands requiring shifts of attention within or between sets of meaningful cues, respectively. This neural organization for shifting attention either within or between perceptual dimensions is task dependent, and this type of organization provides evidence of attentional systems that transcend separate modality processing systems while subdividing executive control of attention. The results suggest that the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices are critical when shifting attention to closely related meaningful cues (i.e., within a perceptual dimension or attentional set) by suppressing interference of irrelevant background information, whereas the prefrontal cortex is critical when shifting attention between disparate sets of meaningful cues (i.e., between perceptual dimensions or attentional sets) (Dias et al., 1996a,b; Birrell and Brown, 2000). Based on the theories of Mackintosh (1965Mackintosh ( , 1975; Sutherland and Mackintosh 1971), it is suggested that the cingulate cortex may be important for decreasing attention to irrelevant information. In general, attention deficit disorders affect both children and adults, and current medications may affect the prefrontal and associated parietal cortical systems more or less than the cingulate cortical system.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Double Dissociation of Attentional Resources: Prefrontal Versus Cingulate Cortices

Ng¹,

Noblejas²,

Rodefer³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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“…Pantelis et al (2004) propose that shift-learning deficits in schizophrenia represent a failure to generalise a previously learned rule, and an impaired ability to respond flexibly. Shift learning deficits are also associated with the duration of the psychotic illness (Pantelis et al, 2004), perhaps suggesting that the ability to learn that a previous irrelevant event can become subsequently relevant is a cognitive marker for the severity of schizophrenia symptoms. Correspondingly, duration of untreated psychosis is associated with impaired shift learning performance (Joyce et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dimensional approaches to experimental psychopathology of schizophrenia: shift learning and report of psychotic-like experiences in college students

Tsakanikos

Reed

2005

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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Adopting a dimensional approach to experimental psychopathology, and taking into account inconsistencies in the previous literature, we examined whether reports of psychoticlike experiences in undergraduate students were associated with shift-learning deficits, akin to those seen in schizophrenia. The participants (N ¼ 72) were tested on a new compound stimulus discrimination task before and after a target shift, and were administered a multidimensional schizotypy inventory (O-LIFE). Performance impairment following a target shift was associated with the negative (introvertive anhedonia) and the impulsive (impulsive nonconformity) dimension of schizotypy, but not with the positive (unusual experiences), nor the disorganised (cognitive disorganisation) dimension. None of the schizotypy measures were associated with performance on discrimination learning before the target shift. The obtained results are in line with past evidence that shift learning is associated with the severity of the negative symptomatology of schizophrenia. The possibility that psychotic-like features may

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“…Los déficits cognitivos se intensificarían en pacientes esquizofrénicos en los que predominan los síntomas negativos. Se ha reportado, que el circuito dorso lateral prefrontal, en asociación con circuitos sub corticales, estarían implicados en la esquizofrenia con síntomas negativos (5) .…”

Section: Artículo Originalunclassified

“…Los trastornos conductuales en los esquizofrénicos, como alteraciones del pensamiento, inadecuación social, conducta antisocial y otras, pueden estar relacionadas con déficits neuropsicológicos (5) .…”

Section: Artículo Originalunclassified

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Evaluación neuropsicológica en esquizofrenia

Servat

Lehmann

Harari

et al. 2005

Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr.

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Schizophrenic neuropsychological disorders are increasingly a focus of interest in research. The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of a battery of psychological tests for detectingIntroducción a evaluación neuropsicológica examina la integridad del funcionamiento cerebral a través del rendimiento de las personas frente a tests objetivos y estandarizados. Su aplicación a pacientes esquizofrénicos permite colaborar con el diagnóstico clínico y entregar información sobre los déficits y las habilidades remanentes que presentan estos pacientes (1,2) .Los estudios sobre alteraciones neuropsicoló-gicas en la esquizofrenia describen principalmente dos tipos de déficit: generalizados y específi-cos. Algunos autores se refieren a alteraciones cognitivas más bien generalizadas, que implican funciones que se encuentran representadas en diversas áreas del sistema nervioso central. Otros destacan la existencia de alteraciones específicas que provocan déficits significativos en pruebas que exploran percepción visual, memoria verbal, memoria visoespacial y recuerdo libre. Estas alteraciones más específicas comprometen a sistemas cerebrales restringidos, localizados principalmente en áreas prefrontales, circuito frontoestriado y áreas témporo-límbicas, lo cual se corroboraría con hallazgos obtenidos a través de neuroimágenes (3) .Los pacientes esquizofrénicos presentan un patrón común de alteraciones cognitivas: lentificación de los procesos cognitivos, sin pérdida de eficacia en la realización de las actividades. Se muestran afectadas tanto la atención como la memoria. Las habilidades requeridas para preparar, elaborar y controlar la conducta también se alteran. La capacidad de abstracción, la comprensión, el cálculo y el manejo de información aparecen disminuidas en estos pacientes.Galindo y cols destacaron en los esquizofré-

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Relationship of behavioural and symptomatic syndromes in schizophrenia to spatial working memory and attentional set-shifting ability

Cited by 59 publications

References 52 publications

Double Dissociation of Attentional Resources: Prefrontal Versus Cingulate Cortices

Double Dissociation of Attentional Resources: Prefrontal Versus Cingulate Cortices

Dimensional approaches to experimental psychopathology of schizophrenia: shift learning and report of psychotic-like experiences in college students

Evaluación neuropsicológica en esquizofrenia

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