Relationship of calcium nutrition to internal brown spot of potato tubers and sub-apical necrosis of sprouts

Tzeng, K. C.; Kelman, A.; Simmons, K. E.; Kelling, K. A.

doi:10.1007/bf02853687

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, levels were significantly different between only two cultivars, Atlantic and 'Superior'. In contrast to the results of Tzeng et al (1986), increased Ca supplementation had no effect on tuber peel Ca and an inconsistent effect on medullary Ca, though strangely, it did have an effect on IHN incidence. Silva et al (1991) suggested that lower tuber peel Ca levels were associated with an increase in IHN incidence.…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilcontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…Silva et al (1991), Sterrett and Henninger (1991), and Clough (1994) also studied the effects of Ca fertilization on IHN in field plots, using Atlantic as a test cultivar. Sterrett and Henninger (1991) found that the more susceptible cultivars generally had lower tuber Ca levels, with the correlation between tuber Ca (minus peel) and IHN being similar to that of Tzeng et al (1986) (r=−0.785). However, levels were significantly different between only two cultivars, Atlantic and 'Superior'.…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Tzeng et al (1986) conducted their research on the central sands of Wisconsin, which are known to be deficient in soil Ca levels, while the studies performed by Sterrett and Henninger (1991) were conducted in the mid-Atlantic region where soil Ca levels are sufficient. Simmons and Kelling (1987) have shown that potatoes grown in different soils vary in their response to increased Ca fertilization and these experiments were conducted in very different environments (Wisconsin for Tzeng et al 1986, Michigan for Silva et al 1991, Virginia and New Jersey for Sterrett and Henninger 1991, and Oregon for Clough 1994. Finally, different potato genotypes have been shown to vary greatly in their ability to assimilate Ca (Bamberg et al 1993).…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greenhouse studies investigating the role of Ca in necrosis of potato tubers (Kelly and Christiansen 1970;Collier et al 1978;Olsen et al 1996) have all found a link between low Ca levels and increased tuber necrosis. Tzeng et al (1986) were the first to perform a field study of the effects of Ca applications on IBS, using 'Russet Burbank' as the test cultivar. Results showed that increasing the rate of Ca application did result in increased tuber peel Ca concentration, and this was negatively correlated with the incidence of IHN (r=−0.754 over two seasons).…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

et al. 2008

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Non-pathogenic necroses of potato tubers have been described in the literature since the early 20th century using different names including internal rust spot, internal browning, physiological internal necrosis, internal brown fleck, chocolate spot, internal brown spot and internal heat necrosis. These reports very likely describe either the same, or a collection of similar disorders, falling under the general umbrella of "internal necrosis", with the expression of symptoms being significantly altered via genotype by environment interactions. A number of widely-grown cultivars (e.g. 'Russet Burbank', 'Atlantic' and 'Yukon Gold') are susceptible to internal necrosis, making it an economically significant problem. In Atlantic, this syndrome has been termed internal heat necrosis (IHN) in the eastern United States by several investigators because heat and drought are believed to be important triggers of this condition. Investigators in the midwestern and western United States term this same or similar disorder internal brown spot (IBS). IHN and IBS are an internal physiological disorder of potato characterized by brownish red necrotic patches of parenchymal tissue that typically, though not always, occur along and/or inside the vascular ring. Several reports indicate that IHN is most commonly associated with the vascular ring tissue near the apical end of the tuber, but IHN may form anywhere in the tuber. In many cases, it is very difficult to distinguish between IHN and IBS, and several overlapping environmental factors are associated with each of these disorders. High day and night temperatures early in the growing season, combined with low rainfall, have been shown to increase the frequency and severity of IHN and IBS in several cultivars. Considerable research has examined the role of calcium in ameliorating IHN and IBS expression. Much of this work suggests an important role for calcium in the development of IHN, but other biotic and abiotic factors undoubtedly affect IHN and IBS expression. The biochemistry and genetics behind internal necroses of potato have historically been the leastresearched facets of this problem. Research has shown that enzymes involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage may be involved, and heritability studies have demonstrated that broad-sense heritability for IHN resistance is high. This review seeks to outline previous work on physiological internal necroses of potato due to high temperatures, summarize our current knowledge of IHN, and point to new areas of investigation to develop IHN resistant potato varieties.Resumen Desde comienzos del siglo 20 se han descrito en la literatura unas necrosis no patogénicas del tubérculo de papa, usando diferentes nombres, como herrumbre interna, oscurecimiento interno, necrosis fisiológica interna, punto oscuro interno, mancha chocolate, mancha marrón interna y necrosis interna por calor. Estos nombres parecen describir ya sea la misma enfermedad o una colección de desórdenes similares que caen dentro de la descripción general "necrosis ...

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Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilcontrasting

confidence: 83%

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

et al. 2008

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“…In soil, Ca is a key cation integral with cation exchange capacity (CEC) and structural composition of soil. There is potential for increased resistance to pink rot by preventing infection through better physical barriers such as the condition of the tuber skin or improved soil drainage (Messenger et al 2003;Tzeng et al 1986). The ability of Ca to act through multiple pathways to prevent infection implies a possible role for Ca in preventing pink rot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora erythroseptica (Pink Rot) Development in Russet Norkotah Potato Grown in Buffered Hydroponic Solutions I. Calcium Nutrition Effects

et al. 2009

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Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethyb. causes a disease known as pink rot in potatoes, which is responsible for substantial pre and post harvest tuber loss. Disease outbreaks are associated with excessive soil moisture, moderate temperature, late season development, and a lack of potato cultivar resistance. Because disease resistance is becoming less effective, understanding other potential solutions is critical. Mineral nutrition of plants is known to be associated with disease development and severity of many diseases, but is not generally considered in relation to outbreaks of pink rot. Calcium (Ca) is essential and considered one of the most important nutrients associated with plant defense, but it has not been studied or consequently linked to the severity of pink rot in potato. A hydroponic growth system was established to study the effects of calcium on P. erythroseptica infection and colonization in Russet Norkotah potato roots. Russet Norkotah potatoes were grown with 3, 86, 172, and 343 mg L −1 Ca in association with the pathogen. The degree of disease severity was assessed by means of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). The suppression of infection and disease severity by increased available Ca was statistically significant, decreasing with each increment of Ca between 3 and 343 mg L −1 . These data provide strong evidence that Ca nutrition is important in disease suppression and that the amount of available soil Ca can affect plant health and the ability of P. erythroseptica to infect the host. Resumen Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethyb causa una enfermedad conocida como pudrición rosa en papa, que es responsable de pérdidas substanciales de tubérculo en pre y post cosecha. Los establecimientos de la enfermedad están asociados con excesiva humedad del suelo, temperatura moderada, desarrollo tardío durante el ciclo y falta de resistencia varietal. Considerando que la resistencia a la enfermedad se ha vuelto menos efectiva, es crítico el entendimiento de otras soluciones potenciales. Se sabe que la nutrición mineral en plantas está asociada con el desarrollo y severidad de muchas enfermedades, pero generalmente no se le considera en relación a los establecimientos de pudrición rosa. El calcio (Ca) es esencial y es considerado como uno de los nutrientes más importantes asociado con la defensa de la planta, pero no ha sido estudiado o ligado consecuentemente a la severidad de la pudrición rosa en papa. Se estableció un sistema de crecimiento hidropónico para estudiar los efectos del calcio en la infección y colonización por P. erythroseptica en raíces de papa Russet Norkotah. Las papas Russet Norkotah se cultivaron con 3, 86, 172, y 343 mg L −1 Ca en asociación con el patógeno. El grado de severidad de la enfermedad se evaluó mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa cuantitativa de tiempo real (RT PCR). La supresión de la infección y de la severidad de la enfermedad mediante el aumento del Ca disponible fue estadísticamente significativa, disminuyendo con cada incremento del Ca ...

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QTL for pitted scab, hollow heart, and tuber calcium identified in a tetraploid population of potato derived from an Atlantic × Superior cross

et al. 2021

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Common scab, calcium deficiency, and internal tuber defects, such as hollow heart, have severe negative impact on the marketable yield and profitability of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) farmers. The present study was conducted to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling these traits. A tetraploid linkage map was constructed using 808 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the SolCAP 8300 Infinium Potato Array using 151 genotypes of an F1 population generated from a cross between cultivars with divergent traits, Atlantic and Superior. Atlantic is susceptible to scab and has high incidence of hollow heart and low tuber calcium. Conversely, Superior has resistance to scab, low incidence of hollow heart, and high tuber calcium. This population was phenotypically evaluated between 2009 and 2012. Seven QTL regions explained pitted scab incidence and severity; two on chromosomes 3 and 11 of Atlantic, and five on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, and 10 of Superior were identified. Also, six QTL regions that explained tuber calcium variation were detected; four QTL were located on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 7, and 8 of Atlantic; and one QTL on chromosome 3 of Superior. In addition, five QTL were identified for the incidence of hollow heart; two QTL were located on chromosomes 3 and 5 of Atlantic, and three QTL were located on chromosomes 3, 6, and 12 of Superior. These QTL regions can be further studied to develop markers for marker‐assisted selection.

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Relationship of calcium nutrition to internal brown spot of potato tubers and sub-apical necrosis of sprouts

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

Phytophthora erythroseptica (Pink Rot) Development in Russet Norkotah Potato Grown in Buffered Hydroponic Solutions I. Calcium Nutrition Effects

QTL for pitted scab, hollow heart, and tuber calcium identified in a tetraploid population of potato derived from an Atlantic × Superior cross

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