Relationship of Cerebral Blood Flow to Cognitive Function and Recovery in Early Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

Ware, Jeffrey B.; Dolui, Sudipto; Duda, Jeffrey T.; Gaggi, Naomi; Choi, Robin; Detre, John A.; Whyte, John; Kim, Junghoon

doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7031

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 50 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The imbalance between ROS and antioxidants activates enzymes that cause changes in the permeability of membranes, damaging them [ 11 , 12 ]. The rupture of blood vessels by primary mechanisms will decrease the arrival of O 2 to the brain tissues [ 13 ], which negatively affects glial cells adjacent to the lesion. This can cause edema due to structural damage and osmotic imbalance, increasing brain volume and intracranial pressure, which in turn will lead to increased cell death [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation

Heredia

Sánchez-Robledo

Gómez

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic brain injury represents one of the main health problems in developed countries. Growth hormone (GH) and rehabilitation have been claimed to significantly contribute to the recovery of lost motor function after acquired brain injury, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are not well understood. In this work, we have investigated cell proliferation in the piriform cortex (PC) of adult rats with ablation of the frontal motor cortex treated with GH and rehabilitation, in order to evaluate if this region of the brain, related to the sense of smell, could be involved in benefits of GH treatment. Male rats were either ablated the frontal motor cortex in the dominant hemisphere or sham-operated and treated with GH or vehicle at 35 days post-injury (dpi) for five days. At 36 dpi, all rats received daily injections of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for four days. We assessed motor function through the paw-reaching-for-food task. GH treatment and rehabilitation at 35 dpi significantly improved the motor deficit caused by the injury and promoted an increase of cell proliferation in the PC ipsilateral to the injury, which could be involved in the improvement observed. Cortical ablation promoted a greater number of BrdU+ cells in the piriform cortex that was maintained long-term, which could be involved in the compensatory mechanisms of the brain after injury.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation

Heredia

Sánchez-Robledo

Gómez

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[48][49][50] Regulation of CBF is closely related to neurological function. [51][52][53] Recent studies from our lab 26,54 and others have demonstrated that TNS can improve cerebral perfusion through the trigeminocerebrovascular system. In the present study, we demonstrate that TNS-induced CBF oscillations at 0.1 Hz retains the improved CBF achieved after uid resuscitation, leading to signi cantly improved neuronal function at 24 h after TBI + HS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

CBF Oscillations Induced by Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation Protect the Pericontusional Penumbra in Traumatic Brain Injury Complicated By Hemorrhagic Shock

Shah

Powell

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic peri-contusional penumbra represents crucial targets for therapeutic interventions after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Current resuscitative approaches may not adequately alleviate impaired cerebral microcirculation and, hence, compromise oxygen delivery to peri-contusional areas. Low-frequency oscillations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) may improve cerebral oxygenation in the setting of oxygen deprivation. However, no method has been reported to induce controllable oscillations in CBF and it hasn’t been applied as a therapeutic strategy. Electrical stimulation of the trigeminal nerve (TNS) plays a pivotal role in modulating cerebrovascular tone and cerebral perfusion. We hypothesized that TNS can modulate CBF at the targeted frequency band via the trigemino-cerebrovascular network, and TNS-induced CBF oscillations would improve cerebral oxygenation in peri-contusional areas. In a rat model of TBI complicated by hemorrhagic shock, TNS-induced CBF oscillations conferred significant preservation of peri-contusional tissues leading to reduced lesion volume, attenuated hypoxic injury and neuroinflammation, increased eNOS expression, improved neurological recovery and better 10-day survival rate, despite not significantly increasing CBF as compared with those in immediate and delayed resuscitation animals. Our findings indicate that low-frequency CBF oscillations enhance cerebral oxygenation in peri-contusional areas, and play a more significant protective role than improvements in non-oscillatory cerebral perfusion or volume expansion alone.

show abstract

“…However, TBIs impair the brain's autoregulation of blood flow, which is correlated with poor cognitive function [17]. The decreased cerebral blood flow predicts the severity, cognitive dysfunction, and recovery from a TBI [18]. The reduced brain blood flow means a reduction in oxygen and glucose, which leads to a pathological energy crisis [19].…”

Section: Molecular Pathophysiology Of Tbismentioning

confidence: 99%

An H2-infused, nitric oxide-producing functional beverage as a neuroprotective agent for TBIs and concussions

LeBaron

Kharman²,

McCullough

2021

J. Integr. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are a leading cause of death and disability. Sports-related TBIs are estimated to be more than several million per year. The pathophysiology of TBIs involves high levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, dysregulation of ion homeostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. There is also a reduction in cerebral blood flow, leading to hypoxia and reduced removal of metabolic waste, which further exacerbates the injury. There is currently no recognized effective medical treatment or intervention for TBIs, which may in part be due to the difficulty of drug delivery through the blood-brain barrier. Molecular hydrogen has recently emerged as a neuroprotective medical gas against cerebral infarction and neurodegenerative diseases including TBIs. Its small molecular size and nonpolar nature allow it to easily diffuse through the blood-brain barrier, cell membranes and subcellular compartments. Hydrogen has been shown to exert selective anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects by regulating various transcription factors and protein phosphorylation cascades. Nitric oxide is another well-recognized medical gas that plays divergent roles in protecting from and in the recovery of TBIs, as well as in contributing to their pathophysiology and injury. Excessive activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase leads to excess inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative damage as well as a paradoxical nitric oxide depletion in the locations it is needed. Hydrogen regulates nitric oxide production and metabolism, which enhances its benefits while reducing its harms. A novel H2-infused, nitric oxide producing beverage, Hydro Shot, may have important neuroprotective benefits for TBIs. We report preliminary indications that Hydro Shot may be a meaningful adjuvant treatment for TBIs.

show abstract

Relationship of Cerebral Blood Flow to Cognitive Function and Recovery in Early Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation

Cell Proliferation in the Piriform Cortex of Rats with Motor Cortex Ablation Treated with Growth Hormone and Rehabilitation

CBF Oscillations Induced by Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation Protect the Pericontusional Penumbra in Traumatic Brain Injury Complicated By Hemorrhagic Shock

An H2-infused, nitric oxide-producing functional beverage as a neuroprotective agent for TBIs and concussions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About