Relationship of Changes in Condition Score to Cow Health in Holsteins

Gearhart, Margaret; Curtis, Charles E.; Erb, Hollis N.; Smith, Robert C.; Sniffen, C.J.; Chase, L.E.; Cooper, M. D.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(90)79002-9

Cited by 200 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Adamski (1) recorded a significant positive correlation between BCS on the calving day and dystocia, particularly in primiparous cows. Moreover, Gearhart et al (12) showed an increased risk of dystocia in cows with a deteriorating body condition during the dry period. Nogalski (21) presented a negative effect of too weak condition (<3.0 BCS), while Borkowska and Januś (5) -too fat BCS (>3.5) at calving as the main cause for dystocia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the pre- and postpartum body condition scores and periparturient indices and fertility in high-yielding dairy cows

Stefańska

Poźniak

Nowak

2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body condition score (BCS) determined on the dry-off day, calving day, and in the first month of lactation, its changes during the dry period and early lactation, and periparturient indices and fertility in high-producing dairy cows. Material and Methods: The experiment was conducted in two herds: A and B, located in Western Poland. The studies were conducted on 116 and 108 Polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows respectively, with an average milk yield of >10 000 kg/305-day lactation. The experiment included the dry period (-56 d to the calving day), the calving day, and early lactation (from +1 to +56 d). The experimental factor was BCS (0 to 5-point scale). The BCS was performed by one person on day -56, on parturition day (in the first 12 h after calving) and on day 30 of lactation. The body condition on the dry-off day and at calving, as well as its deterioration in the first month of lactation, have a considerable effect on fertility indices in dairy cows, thus confirming the advisability of its regular monitoring during routine operations connected with the management of a dairy cattle herd.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the pre- and postpartum body condition scores and periparturient indices and fertility in high-yielding dairy cows

Stefańska

Poźniak

Nowak

2016

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…This means that high BCS during the dry period, results on average in a more severe and probably also longer lasting cNEB in these cows and should therefore regarded as risk factor for non adaptation. Monitoring BCS can also be used to calculate BCS loss during lactation [32,42]. A characteristic of this easy applicable method is that the outcome of this method may differ between observers.…”

Section: Negative Energy Balance and Adaptation: Definition Quantifimentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows

Jorritsma

Wensing

Kruip³

et al. 2003

Vet. Res.

204

163

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-This review addresses the suggestion that the decline in dairy reproductive performance, as increasingly observed these days, may be due to a hampered process of metabolic adaptation in early lactating cows. In our opinion, adaptation to the negative energy balance is a gradual process. Because almost all cows do adapt in the long run, it is not possible to classify animals as adapted or non-adapted. The use of risk factors is more appropriate in this case and is discussed in this review. Among them are the body condition score and its derivatives, feed intake, the calculated negative energy balance, and metabolic parameters like the plasma concentration of insulin or the triacylglycerol content in the liver. Moreover, factors that play a role in the link between declined reproductive performance and the metabolic situation of the cow during the early lactating period are discussed. Among these are insulin, insulin-like growth factors, leptin, neuropeptide Y, nonesterified fatty acids, thyroïd hormones, urea, and ammonia. fertility / dairy / periparturient metabolic adaptation / physiopathology / periparturition

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“…Butler and Smith [16] found that days from calving to ovulation increased by 0.7 for each extra MJ energy being mobilised from body per day. Similarly, associations have been shown between body condition loss in early lactation and health problems [45,100]. Given the link between body fatness at calving and subsequent degree of mobilisation, it is clearly important to manage cows to calve at the optimum body fatness.…”

Section: Body Fatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fatty liver, ketosis and a multitude of other metabolic disorders in the post-partum cow are all predisposed by excessive mobilisation of body reserves [29,45,51,67]. Reproductive performance is also impaired by excessive lipid mobilisation [16,37].…”

Section: Strategies To Prime For Body Mobilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

Friggens¹,

Andersen²,

Larsen³

et al. 2004

Anim. Res.

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-This paper reviews important aspects of dry cow feeding with emphasis placed on the preparation of the cow for the subsequent lactation. A number of feeding strategies, which have been proposed in recent years, are examined, alongside considerations of the effects of dry period length, levels of body reserves at calving and parity. A number of studies have reported the effect of varying the length of the dry period (in the range 0 to 70 days) on subsequent production and health. An 8 week dry period seems optimal though this should be adjusted to allow for the body condition score of cows at drying off. Avoiding extremes of body condition score at calving is desirable, so condition should be monitored throughout the lactation cycle. Attempting to achieve large changes in body reserves in the dry period has been associated with increased problems postpartum. The feeding strategies that are reviewed are strategies to decrease body mobilisation, prime for body mobilisation, prime the rumen for increased intake, prime for milk protein production and prime for calcium mobilisation and absorption. These strategies are also evaluated relative to their biological basis and reported physiological effects. Feeding high starch feeds in the latter part of the dry period was found not to provide clear benefits in terms of decreasing early lactation body mobilisation or increasing early lactation intake. Strategies aimed at priming the cow for the increased mobilisation of body lipid and body calcium that occurs in early lactation appear more favourable both from the point of view of making biological sense and from the available results reviewed. dry period / feeding / body condition score / dairy cattle / health Résumé -Préparation des vaches laitières à la lactation : bilan des stratégies d'alimentation des vaches taries. Cet article passe en revue les aspects importants de l'alimentation des vaches taries en mettant l'accent sur la préparation de la vache à la lactation suivante. Plusieurs stratégies d'alimentation proposées au cours des dernières années sont examinées, dans le même temps que des considérations portant sur les effets de la durée de la période sèche, du niveau des réserves corporelles au vêlage et du rang de lactation. Un certain nombre d'études ont montré que le fait de * Corresponding author: n.friggens@agrsci.dk 454 N.C. Friggens et al.faire varier la durée de la période sèche (dans une plage de 0 à 70 jours) avait un effet sur la production et la santé lors de la lactation suivante. Une période sèche de 8 semaines semble optimale, quoiqu'elle doive être ajustée en tenant compte de la note d'état corporel des vaches au moment du tarissement. Il est préférable d'éviter des notes extrêmes au vêlage ; l'état corporel devrait donc être surveillé tout au long du cycle de lactation. Les tentatives de vouloir effectuer de grandes modifications du niveau des réserves corporelles pendant la période sèche ont été associées à une augmentation des problèmes postpartum. Les stratégies d'alimentation exposé...

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Relationship of Changes in Condition Score to Cow Health in Holsteins

Cited by 200 publications

References 20 publications

Relationship between the pre- and postpartum body condition scores and periparturient indices and fertility in high-yielding dairy cows

Relationship between the pre- and postpartum body condition scores and periparturient indices and fertility in high-yielding dairy cows

Metabolic changes in early lactation and impaired reproductive performance in dairy cows

Priming the dairy cow for lactation: a review of dry cow feeding strategies

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