Relationship of Children's Perception of Mothers' Parenting Attitude to Self-esteem and School Adjustment in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract

Purpose:The main purpose of this study was to describe the relationship of mothers' parenting attitude as perceived by the child to self-esteem, and school adjustment of school age children with Tetrology of Fallot (TOF). Methods: In this study a selfadministered questionnaire survey was used to collect the data. The participants included 38 children who were registered in a pediatric cardiology clinic in one tertiary medical center. Their ages were between 11 and 15 years. They were diagnosed with TOF, and had no other congenital problems. Data were collected from November 1 to November 30, 2009. After obtaining telephone consent from the mothers and children, questionnaires were mailed to 64 participants and 38 questionnaires were returned. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) WIN 15.0 version. Results: There was a significant correlation between perceived parenting attitude, self-esteem, and school adjustment of children with TOF. Conclusion: Children who perceive their mothers' parenting attitude to be more positive also report higher self-esteem and better school adjustment. These findings are similar to other studies done with healthy school age children. However, parents of children with TOF may require different parenting approaches to foster positive self-esteem and school adjustment.

Effects of Familial Relationships on School Adjustment of Adolescents and Young Adults With Congenital Heart Disease

“…In this study, mothers' positive emotional expressiveness was an important factor associated with school adjustment. This finding is consistent with a study of perceived mothers' parenting attitudes and school adjustment in children with CHD that found perceived mothers' nurturing/acceptance to be correlated with school adjustment such as friendship, learning activities, and compliance with regulations 35 . Similar to this study, school adjustment of adolescent cancer survivors positively correlated with mothers' emotional warmth 13 .…”

“…This finding is consistent with a study of perceived mothers' parenting attitudes and school adjustment in children with CHD that found perceived mothers' nurturing/acceptance to be correlated with school adjustment such as friendship, learning activities, and compliance with regulations. 35 Similar to this study, school adjustment of adolescent cancer survivors positively correlated with mothers' emotional warmth. 13 These results suggest that it is necessary to create an environment that improves positive emotional expression of mothers of AYAs with CHD.…”

The life experiences of Korean children and adolescents with complex congenital heart disease: A qualitative study

“…To date, medical and surgical treatments have focused primarily on physical management. Few studies (Lee et al ., 2011) have focused on psychosocial support in Korea. Because patients with complex CHD require continuous medical follow up, physicians typically prioritize medical treatment over psychological care.…”

School Adaptation Program for School-Age Children with Emotional and Behavioral Problems

“…학령기 에 형성된 적응 양식은 이후 청소년기에 겪게 될 질풍노도와 같은 불 안정한 상황에서 원만하게 적응하고 고등 교육 과정의 학교생활을 해 나가는데 영향을 미친다 (Lee & Choi, 2012). 따라서 학령기 아동이 학 교에 잘 적응하는 것은 학업 성적뿐만 아니라 개인의 성장 발달 측면 에도 영향을 미쳐 성인기 이후의 안정적인 생활에 매우 중요하다 (Lee, Yoo, & Kim, 2011;Shin Yun, & Lee, 2010).…”