Relationship of Internal Audit Quality and Corporate Governance Measures of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) of Pakistan

Abstract

The internal audit is a primitive element for good corporate governance. This need has been largely felt in the developing countries to enhance and promote the corporate governance mechanism. This research evaluates the implication of internal audit of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) of Pakistan on corporate governance's quality. The outcomes of this research reveal significance of internal audit role in corporate governance of MNCs. The significance of audit committee and management in this aspect is predominant. Similarly the results also show the vitality of corporate governance in terms of quality is significant when there is independent audit department with requisite expertise of auditing. However, the reliability of internal audit is primarily determines the characteristics of management of corporate governance. Contrary to this, the implication of internal audit is insignificant on the external audit workers as well as the board of directors of MNCs in Pakistan.The 3rd section comprising fourteen questions related to examine the requirements and features of corporate/organizational governance.01 The composition of board if fair and independent.02 The board members are having the requisite sills, expertise and related information.03 The member of the board is entertaining sufficient timing for moving along with their duties effectively.04 Each year, there used to hold at-least 4 meetings of the board.05 The composition of boards' member is fairly independent.06 At-least one of the board's member is having good knowledge of finance.07 The plans and key changes of the internal auditors are supported by the audit committee.08 The internal audit reports are analyzed by the audit committee.09 The work responsibility carried out by the audit committee in terms of appraisal of the performance and even termination of the head of internal audit is effectively tackled by audit committee.10 The working relationship between the audit committee and internal audit workers are congenial.11 The internal controlling parameters given in the policy framework are in place.12 The controlling mechanisms given in the policy books of the organization are effectively operational.13 External auditors are intact in one of the big 5 accounting firms.14 The internal and external auditors are synchronized in terms of working of the audit of the incumbent organization.

Board Attributes and Firm Performance of Non-Financial Listed Firms in Pakistan: Role of Ownership Structure

“…Conflicts arise when a small number of shareholders possess the majority of the stocks. This is due to the fact that while caring about the interests of the little shareholders, significant shareholders may use funds for their own best interests (Khan and Ali, 2021).…”