Relationship of Pectolytic Clostridia and<i>Erwinia carotovora</i>Strains to Decay of Potato Tubers in Storage

Campos, Eduardo Pérez

doi:10.1094/pd-66-543

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…1980;McCarter-Zorner et ai, 1984) and it is more commonly isolated from the virus-tested stocks during their early years of multiplication in the field (Graham et at.. 1976;Perombelon et at., 1976), However, in later years the stocks are handled by mechanical methods because of the quantities involved, Eor example, the same grader may be used for both VTSCderived stocks and lower-grade seed stocks which may be contaminated by Fca. Eurthermore, Fea predominates in naturally rotted tubers in store (Perombelon, 1972;Naumann et al, 1978;Campos et at., 1982) because it is more pathogenic than Fee at the low temperatures of < 15 C which prevail in stores (Perombelon ct at., 1979), There-fore, Fca from the ubiquitous rotting tubers rather than Fee is more likely to spread within and between stocks during grading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of potatoes by Erwinia carotovora during grading

Elphinstone

Pérombelon²

1986

Plant Pathology

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Considerable tuber contamination by soft rot erwinias in rotting tubers can occur when grading potato stocks. Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora, from a single rotting tuber, contaminated c. 100 kg of potatoes during mechanical grading, c. 50% being contaminated with 104–105 bacteria per tuber. Survival of the bacteria during storage was related to the degree of damage sustained by the tubers during grading which in turn depended on the model of oscillating riddle grader used and the cultivar of potato. Chemical disinfection of the grader immediately before use and of tubers immediately after grading reduced contamination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination of potatoes by Erwinia carotovora during grading

Elphinstone

Pérombelon²

1986

Plant Pathology

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“…This finding suggests that anaerobic digestates are highly complex microbial systems constituted by a variety of chemically and physically heterogeneous micro-niches, rich in nutrients, and hosting a wide bacterial diversity, which dynamically change under changing environmental conditions during the post-treatment stage. Noteworthy, the number of active class members observed in the anaerobic digestate was affiliated with class Clostridia, which include obligate anaerobes and agent of soft rot disease in plants (Campos et al 1982;Allen et al 2009); class Flavobacteriia, which comprise commensal bacteria and also opportunistic pathogens for humans and other mammals (Hahnke et al 2016); class Erysipelotrichia and Chitinophagia, which are often found in gut microbioma; class Coriobacteriia, which have been implicated with human diseases.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal dynamics of total and active prokaryotic communities in two Mediterranean orchard soils treated with solid anaerobic digestate or managed under no-tillage

et al. 2021

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A field experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of two improved tillage systems (conventional tillage combined with the incorporation of solid anaerobic digestate, no-tillage) on the prokaryotic community composition in two tree orchard (olive, citrus) soils with contrasting texture, carbonate content, and pH, located in Southern Italy. Soil samples were taken over a 5-month period to assess immediate (2 days) vs short-term (7 and 18 weeks) responses. Phylogenetic diversity and compositional shifts of both total and metabolically active soil prokaryotic communities were assessed by next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA gene templates from soil-extracted DNA/RNA. In both digestate-treated soils, copiotrophic α-Proteobacteria and oligotrophic Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia showed an immediate (2 days) but short-lived (7 weeks) shift in their relative abundance similar in persistence but not in magnitude; whereas selective soil type-dependent responses were observed for Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes. The autochthonous soil microbiota demonstrated resilience to the addition of the anaerobic digestate, which was dominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, and Euryarchaeota (Methanomicrobia). Likewise, a temporary increase in the relative abundances of copiotrophic taxa (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Thaumarchaeota) was observed under conventional tillage, especially in the sandy loam (citrus) soil. Conversely, no-tillage favored the establishment of oligotrophic Chloroflexi and Verrucomicrobia in both soils. The active and the total prokaryotic communities differed from each other only in physically disturbed soils. Soil management induced compositional shifts in the predominant microbial copiotrophic/oligotrophic community balance, whose persistence was linked to the tillage system, while magnitude depended on soil type.

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“…Although some studies indicate Clostridium spp. associated with some soft‐rot diseases of herbaceous crops (Perry and Harrison, 1979; Perombelon et al , 1979; Campos et al , 1982), the role of these bacteria as plant pathogens is still mostly unexplored (Allen et al . , 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium bifermentans and C. subterminale are associated with kiwifruit vine decline, known as moria, in Italy

Spigaglia¹,

Barbanti²,

Marocchi³

et al. 2020

Plant Pathology

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Since 2012, a new pathogenic syndrome has frequently been observed in many areas of kiwifruit cultivation in Italy. The main symptoms include an initial withering of the leaves followed by a total and sudden collapse of plants, mainly occurring during summer. The withered leaves fall and the main and secondary feeder roots appear rotten, sometimes showing a reddish‐brown discoloration. The disease, that affects both the green and yellow‐fleshed cultivars, has been called kiwifruit vine decline and is locally known as moria. The syndrome has been found consistently associated with soil waterlogging, which frequently occurs either after the traditional agronomical practice of irrigating orchards through surface irrigation or after very heavy rainfall. So far, the role played by bacteria in this syndrome has not been investigated. In the present study, Clostridium spp. were isolated from both rotten roots and soils obtained from Italian kiwifruit orchards affected by the syndrome, indicating for the first time that anaerobic bacteria are able to cause damage to woody crops. C. bifermentans and C. subterminale incited symptoms in kiwifruit in both in vivo and in vitro pathogenicity tests. Soil waterlogging seems to potentially favour colonization of kiwifruit roots by anaerobic bacteria, probably because saturation of the soil can facilitate proliferation and persistence of these bacteria during long periods of the vegetative growth of the crop. The occurrence of anaerobic bacteria does not exclude the possibility that other microorganisms can play additional/synergic role(s) in causing the kiwifruit vine decline.

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Relationship of Pectolytic Clostridia andErwinia carotovoraStrains to Decay of Potato Tubers in Storage

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Contamination of potatoes by Erwinia carotovora during grading

Contamination of potatoes by Erwinia carotovora during grading

Temporal dynamics of total and active prokaryotic communities in two Mediterranean orchard soils treated with solid anaerobic digestate or managed under no-tillage

Clostridium bifermentans and C. subterminale are associated with kiwifruit vine decline, known as moria, in Italy

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