Relationship of periodontal clinical parameters with bacterial composition in human dental plaque

Abstract

More than 600 bacterial species have been identified in the oral cavity, but only a limited number of species show a strong association with periodontitis. The purpose of the present study was to provide a comprehensive outline of the microbiota in dental plaque related to periodontal status. Dental plaque from 90 subjects was sampled, and the subjects were clustered based on bacterial composition using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism of 16S rRNA genes. Here, we evaluated (1) periodontal clinical parameters between clusters; (2) the correlation of subgingival bacterial composition with supragingival bacterial composition; and (3) the association between bacterial interspecies in dental plaque using a graphical Gaussian model. Cluster 1 (C1) having high prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in subgingival plaque showed increasing values of the parameters. The values of the parameters in Cluster 2a (C2a) having high prevalence of non-pathogenic bacteria were markedly lower than those in C1. A cluster having low prevalence of non-pathogenic bacteria in supragingival plaque showed increasing values of the parameters. The bacterial patterns between subgingival plaque and supragingival plaque were significantly correlated. Chief pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, formed a network with other pathogenic species in C1, whereas a network of non-pathogenic species, such as Rothia sp. and Lautropia sp., tended to compete with a network of pathogenic species in C2a. Periodontal status relates to non-pathogenic species as well as to pathogenic species, suggesting that the bacterial interspecies connection affects dental plaque virulence.

Salivary microbiomes of indigenous Tsimane mothers and infants are distinct despite frequent premastication

“…Evidence of transmission of oral pathogens between Tsimane mothers and infants was also weak. The abundance of Actinomyces , Leptotrichia , and Fusobacterium —previously associated with dental, periodontal, and other infections (Eribe & Olsen, 2008; Fujinaka et al, 2013; Jiang et al, 2014) —was significantly lower for infants as compared to their mothers. Bacteria identified as S. mutans occurred in two infants of mothers who harbored the bacteria, but also in three infants of mothers who did not.…”

Characterisation of a sucrose‐independent in vitro biofilm model of supragingival plaque

“…The multispecies biofilms examined in this study were formed by five known supragingival plaque bacteria ( S. gordonii , S. mutans , A. naeslundii, F. nucleatum and V. parvula ) to model the development and bacterial composition of supragingival plaque as well as cariogenic aetiology (Kolenbrander, Palmer, Periasamy, & Jakubovics, ; Fujinaka et al., ; Simón‐Soro et al., ; Takahashi & Nyvad, ). Both sucrose‐independent and sucrose‐dependent biofilms were composed of more than 50% Streptococcus species ( S. gordonii and S. mutans ), but the specific species composition differed substantially (Figure ).…”

Changes in microflora in dental plaque from cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and the relationship of these changes with mucositis: A pilot study

“…Supra gingival plaque is influenced by saliva and gingival fluid and allows the growth of aerobic and anaerobic organisms (14), ultimately leading to complex micro flora dominated by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly streptococci. This flora can be representative of the oral flora during chemotherapy (15), as found in our present study.…”