Relationship of Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss to Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease

Elter, John R.; Champagne, Catherine M.; Offenbacher, Steven; Beck, James D.

doi:10.1902/jop.2004.75.6.782

Cited by 121 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Holmlund [32] showed relevant correlation between the myocardial infarction and the average number of missing teeth in group of 3352 people, who required periodontal treatment and presented themselves with that problem at the dental office. Also Desvarieux [24] and other authors stated the positive correlation between the number of lost teeth and the frequency of atheromatous plaque presence in cervical arteries, detected in ultrasound [25,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In control group of 52 people, the mean number was 4.21 ± 5.62, the differences were statistically relevant. However Elter [31] observed increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with significant edentulous area and high Clinical Attachment Level parameters. Holmlund [32] showed relevant correlation between the myocardial infarction and the average number of missing teeth in group of 3352 people, who required periodontal treatment and presented themselves with that problem at the dental office.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Association between the Condition of Dentition and Myocardial Infarction Risk

Taraszkiewicz-Sulik¹,

Gabriela²,

Gołębiewska³

et al. 2017

Arch Med

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Association between the Condition of Dentition and Myocardial Infarction Risk

Taraszkiewicz-Sulik¹,

Gabriela²,

Gołębiewska³

et al. 2017

Arch Med

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“…Numerous clinical studies have focused on the link between periodontal disease and the morbidity of systemic diseases (Beukers, van der Heijden, van Wijk, & Loos, 2017; Elter, Champagne, Offenbacher, & Beck, 2004; Kim & Amar, 2006). A review article by Slots (2003) concluded that a link between periodontitis—which may harbor a reservoir of human viruses in inflamed gingiva—and systemic disease becomes particularly evident in immunocompromised individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental markers of poverty: Biocultural deliberations on oral health of the poor in mid‐nineteenth‐century Ireland

Geber

Murphy²

2018

American J Phys Anthropol

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ObjectivesDespite subsisting on a low‐cariogenic diet comprising virtually nothing more than potatoes and dairy products, poor oral health affected the quality of life for the poor of nineteenth‐century Ireland. This study investigates potential biocultural reasons that may explain why this was the case.Material and MethodsA total of 6,860 teeth and 9,889 alveoli from 363 permanent dentitions from the skeletal remains of impoverished adult Irish males and females who died between 1847 and 1851 in the Kilkenny Union Workhouse were examined for evidence of dental caries, periodontal disease and ante‐mortem tooth loss. Caries rates were quantified and assessed by crude prevalence, frequencies, corrected caries rates and a t‐health index, and evaluated by sex and age groups.ResultsA higher rate of caries was present among 18–25‐year‐old males than females, while the opposite relationship was evident for older age groups. The prevalence rates of periodontal disease and ante‐mortem tooth loss increased with age. When assessed by corrected caries rates, tooth decay is observed at a lower rate compared to contemporaneous lower to upper‐class population samples from London.DiscussionDespite being low cariogenic foods, the potato starch and milk lactose of a nineteenth‐century Irish laborer's diet would have lowered oral pH‐values thereby increasing the risk of bacterial fermentation in dental plaque resulting in caries. Nutritional features alone cannot explain the high rates of dental caries observed in the Kilkenny workhouse population sample, however, and lifestyle factors, particularly habitual clay‐pipe smoking, is considered a significant cause of poor oral health.

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“…This hypothesis is supported by the observation that the strongest predictive effect of periodontal status on kidney disease was found in edentulous individuals (Table 3). Cardiovascular disease prevalence and risk is higher or equivalent in edentulous individuals compared with that in individuals with severe periodontitis in some (35,36) but not all studies (37). In summary, periodontitis predicts the development of both overt nephropathy and ESRD in an American-Indian population with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Conclusion -P E R I O D O N T I T I Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Periodontitis on Overt Nephropathy and End-Stage Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontitis on development of overt nephropathy, defined as macroalbuminuria, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Individuals residing in the Gila River IndianCommunity aged Ն25 years with type 2 diabetes, one or more periodontal examination, estimated glomerular filtration rate Ն60 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , and no macroalbuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio Ն300 mg/g) were identified. Periodontitis was classified as none/ mild, moderate, severe, or edentulous using number of teeth and alveolar bone score. Subjects were followed to development of macroalbuminuria or ESRD, defined as onset of renal replacement therapy or death attributed to diabetic nephropathy.RESULTS -Of the 529 individuals, 107 (20%) had none/mild periodontitis, 200 (38%) had moderate periodontitis, 117 (22%) had severe periodontitis, and 105 (20%) were edentulous at baseline. During follow-up of up to 22 years, 193 individuals developed macroalbuminuria and 68 developed ESRD. Age-and sex-adjusted incidence of macroalbuminuria and ESRD increased with severity of periodontitis. After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, BMI, and smoking in a proportional hazards model, the incidences of macroalbuminuria were 2.0, 2.1, and 2.6 times as high in individuals with moderate or severe periodontitis or those who were edentulous, respectively, compared with those with none/mild periodontitis (P ϭ 0.01). Incidences of ESRD in individuals with moderate or severe periodontitis or in those who were edentulous were 2.3, 3.5, and 4.9 times as high, respectively, compared with those with none/mild periodontitis (P ϭ 0.02).CONCLUSIONS -Periodontitis predicts development of overt nephropathy and ESRD in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Whether treatment of periodontitis will reduce the risk of diabetic kidney disease remains to be determined. Diabetes Care 30:306 -311, 2007P eriodontitis is a common infection of the periodontal tissues (1) and a major cause of tooth loss in adults (2,3). The most prevalent form is chronic periodontitis (1). Individuals with diabetes are at increased risk of developing periodontitis, and, once established, periodontitis is more severe in people with diabetes (3-6). Poor glycemic control hastens the progression of periodontitis and, in turn, periodontitis appears to further impair glycemic control (6 -8).Periodontitis predicts cardiovascular disease risk (9) and deaths from diabetic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in individuals with type 2 diabetes (10). However, the relationship between periodontitis and diabetic kidney disease has not been fully explored. Among nonobese individuals with type 2 diabetes in Japan, IgG titers for Porphyromonas gingivalis (a periodontal pathogen) were correlated with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), although analyses were not adjusted for confounding factors (11). In the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, a largely nondiabetic p...

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Relationship of Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss to Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease

Cited by 121 publications

References 44 publications

The Association between the Condition of Dentition and Myocardial Infarction Risk

The Association between the Condition of Dentition and Myocardial Infarction Risk

Dental markers of poverty: Biocultural deliberations on oral health of the poor in mid‐nineteenth‐century Ireland

Effect of Periodontitis on Overt Nephropathy and End-Stage Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

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