Relationship of serum immunoglobulin levels to blood pressure and hypertension in an adult population

Abstract

Evidence suggests long-term chronic inflammation, as the pathological basis of formation and development, plays an important part in atherosclerosis. Immunoglobulins (Igs) provided key information on the humoral immune status. However, few studies have evaluated the correlation between Igs and hypertension and blood pressure (BP) in a general population. We designed a cross-sectional study to evaluate whether serum Ig levels are related to BP and the prevalence of hypertension. About 12,373 participants in Tianjin, China were recruited for this study. Hypertension was diagnosed according to the criteria of the JNC 7 and serum levels of Igs were determined by the immunonephelometric technique. Multiple logistic regression analysis and analysis of covariance were used to assess relationships between serum Ig concentrations and the prevalence of hypertension and BP. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 35.5%. The means (standard deviation) of immunoglobulins [immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin E (IgE), immunoglobulin M (IgM), and immunoglobulin A (IgA)] were 1206.0 (249.0) mg/dL, 93.8 (235.4) IU/mL, 105.3 (56.8) mg/dL, and 236.7 (98.1) mg/dL, respectively. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of hypertension for the highest immunoglobulins (IgG, IgE, IgM, and IgA) quintile, when compared to the lowest quintile were 1.10 (0.96-1.26), 1.04 (0.91-1.19), 0.83 (0.72-0.96), and 1.32 (1.15-1.51), respectively. Decreased IgM and increased IgG and IgA were related to a higher prevalence of hypertension. IgM was negatively correlated with BP, while IgG and IgA were positively correlated with BP.

Determinants of Serum Immunoglobulin Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Four studies described the association of cardio-metabolic risk factors (blood pressure and anthropometric measures such as weight and BMI) with serum immunoglobulin levels ( 6 , 18 , 56 , 111 ). Although different definitions of high blood pressure were applied ( Supplementary Table S2 ), high compared to normal blood pressure was generally associated with higher IgA and IgG levels ( 6 , 111 ) and no difference in IgM levels ( 6 , 18 ).…”

Critical role of IL-21 and T follicular helper cells in hypertension and vascular dysfunction

“…It is now evident that hypertension is an inflammatory disease, with key roles played by most innate and adaptive immune cells, including DCs, monocytes/macrophages, γδ T cells, CD4 + T helper cells, CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, and B cells (7). Modest elevations of serum Igs have also been observed in both experimental and human hypertension (24,25), but whether hypertension is associated with a GC reaction is not known. Here we show that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of IL-21 results in blunted hypertension and reduced vascular inflammation/dysfunction.…”

Profiles of sensitization and comorbidity in asthma patients with markedly increased serum total immunoglobulin E level (>1000 kUA/L)

“…Asthma patients complicated with rhinitis, whether allergic or non-allergic, or airway infections could lead to elevation of total IgE levels because of chronic in ammation and the reactivity of IgE against microorganisms [27][28][29][30]. In addition to infection, air pollutants such as diesel exhaust particles can also impair the integrity of airway epithelium, which promotes in ltration of pathogens via the damaged epithelium, causing in ammation responses [31].Regarding other conditions such as COPD, EGPA, type II diabetes, CVDs and hypertension, studies have also observed up-regulated levels of serum total IgE in these diseases [32][33][34][35][36]. However, whether these diseases could affect total IgE levels remains unclear and the underlining mechanism of IgE overproduction in nonatopic asthma requires further investigation.…”