Relationship of the magnetoencephalogram to abnormal activity in the electroencephalogram

Hughes, John R.; Cohen, Jerome; Mayman, Chaim I.; Scholl, Mary Louise; Hendrix, D. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00312921

Cited by 36 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The attempt to identify potential clinical applications of MEG has been ongoing [ 53 ] since the early phases of the MEG. The first clinical applications were demonstrated for epilepsy patients [ 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Introduction to Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Its Clinical Applications

Fred¹,

Kumar²,

Haridhas³

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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Magnetoencephalography (MEG) plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of brain disorders. In this review, we have investigated potential MEG applications for analysing brain disorders. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNRMEG =2.2 db, SNREEG <1 db) and spatial resolution (SRMEG =2–3 mm, SREEG =7–10 mm) is higher for MEG than EEG, thus MEG potentially facilitates accurate monitoring of cortical activity. We found that the direct electrophysiological MEG signals reflected the physiological status of neurological disorders and play a vital role in disease diagnosis. Single-channel connectivity, as well as brain network analysis, using MEG data acquired during resting state and a given task has been used for the diagnosis of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, Parkinsonism, autism, and schizophrenia. The workflow of MEG and its potential applications in the diagnosis of disease and therapeutic planning are also discussed. We forecast that computer-aided algorithms will play a prominent role in the diagnosis and prediction of neurological diseases in the future. The outcome of this narrative review will aid researchers to utilise MEG in diagnostics.

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Section: Clinical Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Introduction to Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Its Clinical Applications

Fred¹,

Kumar²,

Haridhas³

et al. 2022

Brain Sciences

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“…Hughes et al were the first to report a clinical MEG recording of 3 Hz generalized spike and wave discharges (GSWDs) in humans using simultaneous EEG and MEG recording ( 106 ). Interestingly, they observed that MEG was excellent in displaying the spikes and less evidence of waves when compared to the EEG.…”

Section: First Clinical Meg Recording In Generalized Epilepsy (Source...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Magnetoencephalography to Understanding Mechanisms of Generalized Epilepsies: Blurring the Boundary Between Focal and Generalized Epilepsies?

2022

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According to the latest operational 2017 ILAE classification of epileptic seizures, the generalized epileptic seizure is still conceptualized as “originating at some point within and rapidly engaging, bilaterally distributed networks.” In contrast, the focal epileptic seizure is defined as “originating within networks limited to one hemisphere.” Hence, one of the main concepts of “generalized” and “focal” epilepsy comes from EEG descriptions before the era of source localization, and a presumed simultaneous bilateral onset and bi-synchrony of epileptiform discharges remains a hallmark for generalized seizures. Current literature on the pathophysiology of generalized epilepsy supports the concept of a cortical epileptogenic focus triggering rapidly generalized epileptic discharges involving intact corticothalamic and corticocortical networks, known as the cortical focus theory. Likewise, focal epilepsy with rich connectivity can give rise to generalized spike and wave discharges resulting from widespread bilateral synchronization. Therefore, making this key distinction between generalized and focal epilepsy may be challenging in some cases, and for the first time, a combined generalized and focal epilepsy is categorized in the 2017 ILAE classification. Nevertheless, treatment options, such as the choice of antiseizure medications or surgical treatment, are the reason behind the importance of accurate epilepsy classification. Over the past several decades, plentiful scientific research on the pathophysiology of generalized epilepsy has been conducted using non–invasive neuroimaging and postprocessing of the electromagnetic neural signal by measuring the spatiotemporal and interhemispheric latency of bi-synchronous or generalized epileptiform discharges as well as network analysis to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for accurate diagnosis of the two major types of epilepsy. Among all the advanced techniques, magnetoencephalography (MEG) and multiple other methods provide excellent temporal and spatial resolution, inherently suited to analyzing and visualizing the propagation of generalized EEG activities. This article aims to provide a comprehensive literature review of recent innovations in MEG methodology using source localization and network analysis techniques that contributed to the literature of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in terms of pathophysiology and clinical prognosis, thus further blurring the boundary between focal and generalized epilepsy.

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“…The interest of using MEG for clinical applications has paralleled the development of MEG from its early phase in the seventies (Hughes et al, 1977).…”

Section: Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations of the Somatosensory System with Magnetoencephalography

Tiège¹,

Jousmäki²

2020

Fifty Years of Magnetoencephalography

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This chapter reviews the historical contribution of magnetoencephalography (MEG) to the understanding of the functioning of the somatosensory system and how some achievements have been transferred to clinical research or routine to be integrated in clinical guidelines. Considering the vast literature and the existence of comprehensive MEG review papers on the topic, the chapter focuses on pioneering or specific studies in a historical framework. Thanks to its noninvasiveness and excellent temporal and good spatial resolutions, MEG has substantially contributed in the past 50 years to the characterization of the spatial, temporal, and spectral dynamics of somatosensory system activity. It has brought a tremendous amount of novel insights into the neural mechanisms at the basis of body perception. The methods developed for this purpose appeared useful in clinical routine and also in clinical research to investigate the pathophysiology of various brain disorders.

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Relationship of the magnetoencephalogram to abnormal activity in the electroencephalogram

Cited by 36 publications

References 9 publications

A Brief Introduction to Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Its Clinical Applications

A Brief Introduction to Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Its Clinical Applications

Contributions of Magnetoencephalography to Understanding Mechanisms of Generalized Epilepsies: Blurring the Boundary Between Focal and Generalized Epilepsies?

Investigations of the Somatosensory System with Magnetoencephalography

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