Relationships among dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bioelectrical impedance and ultrasound measurements of body composition of swine

Abstract

In three separate studies (156 pigs total), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and ultrasound were compared as methods for measuring live body composition of pigs at 60 and 100-110 kg BWt. DXA measured total body fat and lean content, BIA measurements of resistance (Rs) and reactance (Xc) were used to calculate total body lean mass and ultrasound measurements of backfat (BF) depth and longissimus muscle area (LMA) were used to calculate total carcass lean mass. Following the 100-110 kg measurements, the pigs were slaughtered and the half-carcass analyzed chemically for fat and water content. At 110 kg both DXA and ultrasound measurements were significantly correlated with the percentages of carcass fat and water, although correlations were higher for DXA. The correlations between DXA and BF measurements were higher at 110 kg than at 60 kg, whereas they were lower for DXA and LMA. For pigs measured at 100 kg there were high correlations between the DXA values and the BIA estimates for both percentage of fat-free lean mass (FFM %) and FFM kg. Furthermore, the correlations between the BIA estimates of FFM and carcass fat and water content were similar to those for DXA and the same carcass values. This study also provided a side-by-side comparison of the BIA and ultrasound lean measurements relative to DXA and carcass composition. The BIA lean measurement correlated more highly with both DXA and carcass composition than did the ultrasound lean measurement. Keywords

Bioimpedance as a tool for evaluating the body composition of suruvi (Steindachneridion scriptum)

“…Electrical conductivity methods have been employed in the agriculture and veterinary industries as a tool for quickly, non-destructively, and economically evaluating the body compositions of different animals, including poultry (Hyánková and Szebestová, 2010), swine (Mitchell and Scholz, 2009), and cattle (Bertemes-Filho et al, 2010); however, few studies of these methods have been performed with aquatic animals, and only one study with a South American freshwater fish, in this case a hybrid species (Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) × Piaractus brachypomus (Cuvier, 1818)) with great interests for fish farming (Andrade et al, 2014).…”

Making the choice between bioelectrical impedance measures for body hydration status assessment

“…Many methods are available for assessing the proximate body composition of a variety of organisms as references or criterion points. A physicochemical compositional analysis is considered to be the most reliable approach for this type of assessment, but due to its destructiveness, is only permitted in animal models 22 , 24 , 25 . This direct lethal method bypasses any theoretical model of body compartment calculation restricted by non-lethal or in vivo reference methods to 2-, 3-, and 4-component models (e.g., by using hydrometry [with deuterium or tritium dilution] for body water, hydrodensitometry [with underwater weighing] for body density and then body fat, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry [DEXA] for body bone mineral content).…”

Comparison of a GE Lunar DPX-IQ and a Norland XR-26 dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner for body composition measurements in pigs – <i>in vivo</i>

“…Determination of body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is increasingly used in animal science with a large number of publications involving mainly swine (MITCHELL et al 1996a, 1996b, MITCHELL and SCHOLZ 1997, 2009, BEE et al 2007, chicken , BUYSE et al 2003, SWENNEN et al 2004, turkey (SCHÖLLHORN andSCHOLZ 2007, KREUZER 2008), sheep (CLARK et al 1999), and calves (BASCOM et al 2002, SCHOLZ et al 2003, HAMPE et al 2005. The technology quantifies fat, lean tissue, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) very reliably.…”