Relationships and influence of yield components on spaced‐plant and sward seed yield in perennial ryegrass

Heineck, Garett C.; Ehlke, Nancy; Altendorf, Kayla R.; Denison, R. Ford; Jungers, Jacob M.; Lamb, Eric G.; Watkins, Eric

doi:10.1111/gfs.12499

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The experiment also highlighted a tendency towards reducing the number of plants, cob length, and spikelets per cob, but the differences were not statistically significant. Plants subjected to two defoliations presented a greater number of fertile tillers at the time of seed harvesting, a determinant variable for the maintenance of seed yield (HEINECK et al, 2020), similar to that of plants not subjected to defoliation or submitted only once. Double defoliation is the most suitable for forming yield components, as the plants equaled the weight of a thousand seeds concerning the other treatments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Physiological and sanitary quality of ryegrass seeds submitted to different defoliation frequencies

et al. 2022

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This study determined the effect of different defoliation frequencies in a long-cycle ryegrass cultivar on yield components and the physiological and sanitary quality of seeds. Four defoliation frequencies were applied (without, one, two, and three defoliations). The time between defoliations was 350 degree-days. At the first, second, and third defoliation time, the plants were 15 cm, 20 cm, and 35 cm, respectively, and were lowered to half their height. The yield components and plant structure were evaluated through the tillers, along with the physiological quality of the seeds, which was verified by germination tests, first germination count, accelerated aging, tetrazolium test, field emergence, and weight of a thousand seeds. For the sanitary quality analysis, the percentage (%) of fungi incidence in the seeds was verified. The second defoliation determined the seeds’ high physiological and sanitary quality due to the higher amount of primary and secondary tillers produced concerning the other treatments. However, there was no significant difference for the third defoliation since the aerial tillers issued the same quality of seeds originated from primary and secondary tillers. The average incidence of fungi such as Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Phoma sp., and Dreshslera spp. was lower in ryegrass plants subjected to three defoliations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Seed yield is strongly related to the dynamics of the tiller population as a function of defoliation (HEINECK et al, 2020). Data reported by CUNHA (2016) showed seed production values (777.70, 736.63, 624.59, 234.41 Kg ha -1 ) for zero, one, two, and three defoliations, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiological and sanitary quality of ryegrass seeds submitted to different defoliation frequencies

et al. 2022

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“…Ignoring the causal association among traits leads to a loss of valuable information [8,12,13,15,16,18]. When causal structure among yield and yield components is captured in the index, the correlation improved between the index and the BV and the RE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SEM was used to model genotype using environmental interaction [13,16]. In plant science, a few papers have been published using SEM in the analysis of yield and yield components [12][13][14]17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating Molecular Markers and Causal Structure among Traits Using a Smith-Hazel Index and Structural Equation Models

Hidalgo‐Contreras¹,

Salinas‐Ruíz²,

Eskridge

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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The goal in breeding programs is to choose candidates that produce offspring with the best phenotypes. In conventional selection, the best candidate is selected with high genotypic values (unobserved), in the assumption that this is related to the observed phenotypic values for several traits. Multi-trait selection indices are used to identify superior genotypes when a number of traits are to be considered simultaneously. Often, the causal relationship among the traits is well known. Structural equation models (SEM) have been used to describe the causal relationships among variables in many biological systems. We present a method for multi-trait genomic selection that incorporates causal relationships among traits by coupling SEM with a Smith–Hazel index that incorporates markers. The method was applied to field data from a Nebraska winter wheat breeding program. We found that the correlation and the relative efficiency increased for the proposed Smith–Hazel indices when the total causal information among traits was accounted for by the vector of weights (b), which includes the causal path coefficients in the causal matrix (Λ). On the other hand, when selection was based on a primary trait, for example yield, the proposed SI increased the mean yield of the best 28 (Top 10%) genotypes to 7%.

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“…It is an annual species between 10 to 60 cm in height, well adapted to the semi-arid environment of the Mediterranean area, where it is native. This species is a self-sowing annual species and its persistence can range between 5 and 10 years, providing good quality forage with high nutritional and palatability values (high crude protein content) (Heineck et al 2020).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Studied Species And Experimental Proc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different digestates derived from anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill solid waste (omsw) and various microalgae as fertilizers for the cultivation of ryegrass

et al. 2022

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Aims The aim of this work was to evaluate the fertilizing effect of three anaerobic co-digestates on the growth of the herbaceous plant Lolium rigidum. Methods Nine treatments, combining different nutritional solutions (organic and inorganic) and number of fertilizations (one or two) were evaluated. Organic nutritive solution: plants grown with different olive mill solid waste (OMSW) -microalgae co-digestates: 75% OMSW-25% Raphidocelis subcapitata, volatile solids (VS) basis (OMSW-Rs); 50% OMSW- 50% Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, VS basis (OMSW-Chl); and 75% OMSW-25% Secenedesmus quadricauda, VS basis (OMSW-Sq). Inorganic nutritive solution (INS): plants grown with inorganic Hoagland nutrient solution at 50%. After 60 days of experimentation, biometric and nutritional characteristics and photosynthetic activity were measured. Results The results showed a favourable growth, development and nutritional quality of L. rigidum plants when digestates obtained from the anaerobic co-digestion of OMSW-microalgae are used as organic nutritional solutions as opposed to INS ones. The highest total biomass of L. rigidum was obtained with the treatments that involved two fertilizations. No inhibition due to excess nutrients was observed. A higher root/shoot ratio was achieved with the digestates of OMSW-Rs and OMSW-Ch as compared to that obtained with OMSW-Sq (F = 17.23 p ≤ 0.001). The nitrogen shoot biomass obtained after the organic treatments with the above-mentioned co-digestates was higher than that obtained after the inorganic treatment. Net photosynthesis rates did not present differences in the co-digestates treatments, being equal or superior to the INS treatments. Conclusions The use of the anaerobic co-digestates from OMSW-microalgae can be considered a viable and promising alternative to inorganic fertilization.

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Relationships and influence of yield components on spaced‐plant and sward seed yield in perennial ryegrass

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 8 publications

References 54 publications

Physiological and sanitary quality of ryegrass seeds submitted to different defoliation frequencies

Physiological and sanitary quality of ryegrass seeds submitted to different defoliation frequencies

Incorporating Molecular Markers and Causal Structure among Traits Using a Smith-Hazel Index and Structural Equation Models

Effect of different digestates derived from anaerobic co-digestion of olive mill solid waste (omsw) and various microalgae as fertilizers for the cultivation of ryegrass

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