Relationships between Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness with Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents

Buchan, Duncan S.; Boddy, Lynne M.; Young, John; Cooper, Stephen‐Mark; Noakes, Timothy D.; Mahoney, Craig; Shields, Julian P.H.; Baker, Julien S.

doi:10.1080/15438627.2015.1040914

Cited by 34 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This has led to changes in diet and physical activity, which in turn have had large effects on body composition and other health‐related fitness components (González et al, 2014; Lopez, Mathers, Ezzati, Jamison, Murray, 2006; Malina et al, 1997; Parra et al, 2015; Ramírez‐Vélez et al, 2015). It is well known that CRF and muscular fitness (Buchan et al, 2015; Melo et al, 2015) are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than BMI, and prospective and case–control studies have shown that, even with a normal BMI, those with lower physical fitness are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease risk and premature death (Ekelund et al, 2007; Ortega, Silventoinen, Tynelius, & Rasmussen, 2012). These changes are contributing to a global increase in the prevalence of non‐communicable diseases (Malina et al, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative reference values for the 20 m shuttle‐run test in a population‐based sample of school‐aged youth in Bogota, Colombia: the FUPRECOL study

Ramírez‐Vélez

Palacios-López

Prieto-Benavides

et al. 2016

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesOur aim was to determine the normative reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to establish the proportion of subjects with low CRF suggestive of future cardio‐metabolic risk.MethodsA total of 7244 children and adolescents attending public schools in Bogota, Colombia (55.7% girls; age range of 9–17.9 years) participated in this study. We expressed CRF performance as the nearest stage (minute) completed and the estimated peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak). Smoothed percentile curves were calculated. In addition, we present the prevalence of low CRF after applying a correction factor to account for the impact of Bogota's altitude (2625 m over sea level) on CRF assessment, and we calculated the number of participants who fell below health‐related FITNESSGRAM cut‐points for low CRF.ResultsShuttles and V˙O2peak were higher in boys than in girls in all age groups. In boys, there were higher levels of performance with increasing age, with most gains between the ages of 13 and 17. The proportion of subjects with a low CRF, suggestive of future cardio‐metabolic risk (health risk FITNESSGRAM category) was 31.5% (28.2% for boys and 34.1% for girls; X2 P = .001). After applying a 1.11 altitude correction factor, the overall prevalence of low CRF was 11.5% (9.6% for boys and 13.1% for girls; X2 P = .001).ConclusionsOur results provide sex‐ and age‐specific normative reference standards for the 20 m shuttle‐run test and estimated V˙O2peak values in a large, population‐based sample of schoolchildren from a large Latin‐American city at high altitude.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative reference values for the 20 m shuttle‐run test in a population‐based sample of school‐aged youth in Bogota, Colombia: the FUPRECOL study

Ramírez‐Vélez

Palacios-López

Prieto-Benavides

et al. 2016

American J Hum Biol

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“…Firstly, in combining low physical fitness with indicators of high adiposity, there is an increase in cardiovascular risk in comparison with the separate outcomes. 26,27 Secondly, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and low adiposity are independently associated with cardiometabolic risk [28][29][30] and thus, it is desirable that young people should fulfill all of these health criteria. Thus, the results showed that engagement in physical education classes was associated with higher probability of achievement of combined health criteria among participants who were not sports practitioners.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engagement in physical education classes and health among young people: does sports practice matter? A cross-sectional study

Coledam

Ferraiol

2017

Sao Paulo Med. J.

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Physical education classes aim to promote health but it is unknown whether benefits occur independently of sports practice. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between engagement in physical education classes and physical fitness and obesity according to sports practice among Brazilian students. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional school-based study involving 737 students aged 10-17 years in southern Brazil. METHODS: Engagement in physical education classes and sports practice were analyzed using a self-report questionnaire. The health indicators analyzed were cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, obesity and combinations thereof. The covariates were sex, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Prevalence ratios (PR) adjusted for confounding variables were estimated using Poisson regression. Analyses were stratified according to sports practice. RESULTS: Engagement in physical education classes was associated with achievement of health-related criteria for cardiorespiratory fitness (PR = 1.52), muscle strength (PR = 1.55), obesity + cardiorespiratory fitness (PR = 1.51), obesity + muscle strength (PR = 1.70), cardiorespiratory fitness + muscle strength (PR = 2.60) and the three outcomes combined (PR = 2.43), only among non-sports practitioners, all P < 0.05. Engagement in physical education classes was not associated with obesity (PR = 1.00, P > 0.05). No associations were found for sports practitioners (P > 0.05).

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“…A cross sectional study has established significant inverse associations with cardiorespiratory fitness and the clustering of metabolic risk factors in children (Machado-Rodrigues et al, 2014). Several studies have investigated the independent values of cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index and waist circumferences for predicting cardiometabolic risk in children (Buchan et al, 2015;Burgos et al, 2015). The body mass index and waist circumference changes were most evident due to the clustering of cardiometabolic risk with body mass index, which is described as the main predictor in Brazilian children (Burgos et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biljon

Stuart

2017

JPES

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of two different exercise doses on cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight children. Participants were randomly assigned to either moderate-intensity high-frequency exercise or vigorous-intensity low-frequency exercise for a total duration of 6 weeks. The moderate-intensity high-frequency group (n = 5) participated in 30 sessions, which were set at 40% -60% of heart rate reserve. The vigorous-intensity low-frequency group (n = 7) participated in 18 sessions, which were set at 60% -80% heart rate reserve. The results showed that fasting glucose level (-6.79%, p < 0.13) responded better to moderateintensity high-frequency exercise whereas vigorous-intensity low-frequency exercise induced greater improvements in systolic blood pressure (-5.98%, p < 0.23) with a mean change of -6.4 mmHg. This study showed that two different exercise doses improved selected cardiometabolic variables in overweight children. Hence, this study provides exercise recommendations for achieving specific cardiometabolic health benefits in overweight children.

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Relationships between Cardiorespiratory and Muscular Fitness with Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescents

Abstract: This study examined the independent relationships between cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness with cardiometabolic risk in adolescents. Subjects were 192 adolescents (118 boys),

Cited by 34 publications

References 28 publications

Normative reference values for the 20 m shuttle‐run test in a population‐based sample of school‐aged youth in Bogota, Colombia: the FUPRECOL study

Normative reference values for the 20 m shuttle‐run test in a population‐based sample of school‐aged youth in Bogota, Colombia: the FUPRECOL study

Engagement in physical education classes and health among young people: does sports practice matter? A cross-sectional study

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