Relationships between community characteristics and municipal smoke-free bylaw status and strength

Nykiforuk, Candace I. J.; Campbell, Scott; Cameron, Roy; Brown, Stephen P. A.; Eyles, John

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2006.02.017

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Bylaw restrictiveness was rated using a validated tool (Campbell et al . 2002, Nykiforuk et al . 2007) to capture change through bylaw amendments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smoke-free spaces over time: a policy diffusion study of bylaw development in Alberta and Ontario, Canada

Nykiforuk

Eyles

Campbell

2007

Health &Amp; Social Care in the Community

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Policy diffusion is a process whereby political bodies 'learn' policy solutions to public health problems by imitating policy from similar jurisdictions. This suggests that diffusion is a critical element in the policy development process, and that its role must be recognised in any examination of policy development. Yet, to date, no systematic work on the diffusion of smoke-free spaces bylaws has been reported. We examined the diffusion of municipal smoke-free bylaws over a 30-year period in the provinces of Alberta and Ontario, Canada, to begin to address this gap and to determine whether spatial patterns could be identified to help explain the nature of policy development. Bylaw adoption and change were analysed within local, regional, and provincial contexts. Geographical models of hierarchical and expansion diffusion in conjunction with the diffusion of innovations framework conceptually guided the analyses. Study findings contribute to a broader understanding of how and why health policies diffuse across time and place. Policy development can be a powerful mechanism for creating environments that support healthy decisions; hence, an understanding of policy diffusion is critical for those interested in policy interventions aimed at improving population health in any jurisdiction.

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“…Bylaw restrictiveness was rated using a validated tool (Campbell et al . 2002, Nykiforuk et al . 2007) to capture change through bylaw amendments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1999, Lachetti & Abernathy 2001, Skeer et al . 2004, Asbridge 2004, Nykiforuk et al . 2007), what remains missing is a purposeful consideration of the role of policy diffusion in bylaw uptake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoke-free spaces over time: a policy diffusion study of bylaw development in Alberta and Ontario, Canada

Nykiforuk

Eyles

Campbell

2007

Health &Amp; Social Care in the Community

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“…Gallet et al [16] found a reduced likelihood of adoption of clean indoor-air policy in states with higher tobacco consumption, lower per capita income, a greater metropolitan population, and higher levels of political conservativeness. Recent research from Canada found that community characteristics play a key role in the status and strength of municipal smokefree bylaws [17]. Although research has identified a specific need for rural promotion of SFA laws [18], there has been little support for the idea that this need is concentrated among tobacco farming localities [19].…”

Section: Efficacy Of Smokefree Air Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relationship between smoking status and SFA policy support is not limited to a smoker vs. non-smoker dichotomy; it is also dependent on smoking levels and one's desire to quit [21], such that the most committed smokers have been found to be the least likely to support proposed smoking bans. Given the influence of public opinion on public policy [23], understanding the factors that influence public opinion is crucial for predicting and promoting SFA policy [17].…”

Section: Support For Smokefree Air Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

News on tobacco and public attitudes toward smokefree air policies in the United States

Smith¹,

Siebel²,

Pham³

et al. 2008

Health Policy

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“…Municipal governments, in this regard, have been crucial. In terms of the 'letter of the law,' the relative strength (or severity) of bylaws on smoking has varied, largely in relation to community characteristics suggesting social acceptability (Nykiforuk et al 2007). In turn, suggestions about social acceptability have hinged on actors' capacity to mobilize resources (Young, Borland and Coghill 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pet bylaws and posthumanist health promotion: a case study of urban policy

Rock

2013

Critical Public Health

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Dog walking enables physical activity and positive social interactions, but uncontrolled dogs as well as dog feces can foster conflict and deter physical activity, for both dog owners and nonowners. This case study shows that previously reported associations with dogs (both positive and negative) can be linked to the wording and the day-to-day implementation of, or incompliance with, local governments' bylaws on pets. In this example of posthumanist health promotion, the policy goal is to optimize the overall impact on wellbeing of pet animals. Analytically, the case study draws together insights from actor-network theory, Foucault's theory of governmentality, Bourdieu's theory of habitus, and anthrozoology (i.e. the study of human-animal interactions as well as related ideas and norms). Posthumanist health promotion is a theoretically informed approach that can assist in developing policy and implementation strategies, not only on pets but on a range of topics.

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Relationships between community characteristics and municipal smoke-free bylaw status and strength

Cited by 16 publications

References 33 publications

Smoke-free spaces over time: a policy diffusion study of bylaw development in Alberta and Ontario, Canada

Smoke-free spaces over time: a policy diffusion study of bylaw development in Alberta and Ontario, Canada

News on tobacco and public attitudes toward smokefree air policies in the United States

Pet bylaws and posthumanist health promotion: a case study of urban policy

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