Relationships Between Conformation and Reproduction in Holstein Cows: Type and Calving Performance

Dadati, E.; Kennedy, B. W.; Burnside, E. B.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(85)81148-6

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Estimates of heritability of conformation traits (Table 1) were within the range of estimates from several studies on Canadian Holstein data (Schaeffer 1983;Dadati et al 1985;Klassen et al 1992). In addition, Schaeffer (1983) determined a similar ranking of estimates by magnitude, with the highest heritability for stature (0.42), followed by capacity (0.29), size (0.29), final score (0.17) and rump width (0.16).…”

Section: Heritability Estimatessupporting

confidence: 72%

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins

Kennedy¹,

Dekkers²,

Moore³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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L. 1999. Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 79: 425-431. Production and feed intake data on 36 115 first lactation Holstein cows obtained from Quebec Dairy Herd Analysis Service were combined with conformation data from the Holstein Association of Canada to estimate genetic correlations among production, energy intake, and conformation traits. Traits considered were 305-d milk yield, 305-d grain energy and total energy intake, feed efficiency (fat corrected milk yield/total energy intake), body weight at calving, capacity, size, stature, rump width and final score. Genetic and phenotypic parameters were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood based on two-trait animal mixed model analyses. The model contained fixed effects of herd-year, season of calving, age of calving, sire group and a random animal genetic effect. Estimates of heritability were within the published range for all traits. Of the conformation traits examined, capacity, size and stature had the highest correlations with body weight, with phenotypic correlations between 0.36 and 0.43, and genetic correlations between 0.61 and 0.79. Feed efficiency was negatively correlated to all body size measures, both phenotypically (-0.01 to -0.29) and genetically (-0.31 to -0.53), but most significantly with body weight, capacity, size, and stature. Fat-corrected milk yield showed negligible phenotypic and low to moderately negative genetic (-0.07 to -0.29) correlations with body weight and related type traits. Total energy intake was positively related to all measures of body size, most notably body weight, while grain energy intake had moderately negative genetic correlations (-0.20 to -0.40) with the same body size traits. Because of their detrimental relationships with feed efficiency, negative selection emphasis should be placed on body weight and the related type traits capacity, size and stature. Capacity, size and stature are of moderate utility when selecting indirectly for body weight, total energy intake and feed efficiency.Key words: Dairy cattle, genetics, production, conformation, feed efficiency Parke, P., Jr., Kennedy, B. W., Dekkers, J. C. M., Moore, R. K. et Jairath, L. 1999. Calculs des rapports génétiques et phéno-typiques entre la production, l'ingéré alimentaire, l'indice de consommation, le poids corporel et les caractères de conformation chez des vaches Holstein primipares. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 79: 425-431. Nous avons combiné à des données sur la conformation fournies par l'Association Holstein du Canada les relevés de production et de consommation fourragère obtenus du PATLQ sur 36 115 vaches Holstein primipares. L'objet était de calculer les corrélations génétiques entre les caractères de production d'ingestion alimentaire et de conformation. Les paramètres considérés étaient le rendement laitier, l'ingéré énergétique total et l'ingéré d'énergie céréalière à 305 j, l'indice de conversion (...

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Section: Heritability Estimatessupporting

confidence: 72%

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins

Kennedy¹,

Dekkers²,

Moore³

et al. 1999

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Stature is defined as the height at the hips of a cow, with an average cow standing 143.5 cm (56.6 in) tall, and SCE is the percentage of difficult births expected among calves sired by a particular bull. A negative association between dystocia and conformation has been described several times in the literature (e.g., Thompson et al, 1980;Dadati et al, 1985). Ali et al (1984) did find favorable associations among some physical measurements of daughters and their calving ease, but that reflects daughter calving ease rather than SCE.…”

Section: Selection Indices For the Prediction Of Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 61%

A genome-wide association study of calf birth weight in Holstein cattle using single nucleotide polymorphisms and phenotypes predicted from auxiliary traits

Cole

Waurich

Wensch-Dorendorf

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Previous research has found that a quantitative trait locus exists affecting calving and conformation traits on Bos taurus autosome 18 that may be related to increased calf birth weights, which are not routinely recorded in the United States. Birth weight data from large, intensively managed dairies in eastern Germany with management systems similar to those commonly found in the United States were used to develop a selection index predictor for predicted transmitting ability (PTA) of birth weight. The predictor included body depth, rump width, sire calving ease, sire gestation length, sire stillbirth, stature, and strength. Genetic and phenotypic correlations and heritabilities from the United States were substituted for the German values, and birth weight PTA predicted for 31,984 bulls with US genetic evaluations. A genome-wide association study was conducted on the predicted birth weight PTA with the 2-step genomic BLUP procedure used for routine evaluations in the United States. Allele substitution effects were predicted for 43,188 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Genotypes were available for 53,644 predictor animals. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed on the 100 SNP that had the largest effects expressed in additive genetic standard deviations. Several SNP related to growth and development were found among the 25 SNP with the largest effects, including markers located within or near (≤ 100 kbp) ABCA12, FLRT2, LHX4, MAP3K5, NRAC, NTNG1, PIGN, and ZNF75A. The gene set enrichment analysis identified the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes "Regulation of actin cytoskeleton" pathway (bta04810) as being enriched. That pathway includes the ROCK gene, which is involved in placental function in the human, as well as other developmental genes (e.g., FAK and PAK). Prediction equations derived from one population are useful for identifying genes and gene networks associated with phenotypes that are not directly measured in a second population. This approach will identify only genes associated with the traits used to construct the birth weight predictor, and not loci that affect only birth weight.

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“…Among udder traits, udder depth had moderate phenotypic correlation with RE as -0.12 indicating that cows having deep udders had shorter calving interval periods. Such type of relationships between udder traits and reproductive attributes were also reproduced by Honnette et al (1980) and Dadati et al (1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Multiple and stepwise regression of reproduction efficiency on linear type traits in Sahiwal cows

Nouman¹

2013

Int. J. Livest. Prod.

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Data on some production performance traits of 1000 milch Sahiwal cows from 3451 cows maintained at the Livestock Experiment Station, Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan during the period from 2000 to 2009 were selected to study the relationship between 12 linear type traits and reproductive performance of the Sahiwal cows. The reproductive efficiency (RE) was measured in terms of calving interval from the first five lactations. The type scores were standardized for stage of lactation, age at first calving and scoring. The mean scores of linear type traits (rump width, stature, chest and body, suspensory ligament) varied from 72.6±0.78 to 81.1±0.83 points. The estimates of heritability (h 2) for most of these type traits were medium 0.31±0.22 to high 0.82±0.31 and indicated the existence of large additive genetic variability for these traits in this breed. The phenotypic correlations of linear type traits with RE ranged between-0.1.6 ± 0.08 and 0.10 ± 0.09. All the 12 linear type traits accounted for 92.96% of the variability in RE of Sahiwal cows. Step-wise regression analysis revealed that 75% of the variation accounted by all linear type traits in RE could be predicted by a subset of four type traits (TT) which included stature, chest and body, pelvic angle and udder depth. It was concluded that in the case of absence of records, the reproductive performance of Sahiwal cows can be predicted at an early age using some linear type traits.

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Relationships Between Conformation and Reproduction in Holstein Cows: Type and Calving Performance

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates between production, feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight and linear type traits in first lactation Holsteins

A genome-wide association study of calf birth weight in Holstein cattle using single nucleotide polymorphisms and phenotypes predicted from auxiliary traits

Multiple and stepwise regression of reproduction efficiency on linear type traits in Sahiwal cows

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