Relationships between excessive gestational weight gain and energy and macronutrient intake in pregnant women

Rugină, Cosmin; Meliţ, Lorena Elena; Giga, Dana Valentina; Modi, Viviana; Mărginean, Cristina Oana

doi:10.1177/0300060520933808

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Dietary and nutrient intake and eating habits can potentially affect GWG, as energy and nutrients are necessary for tissue accretion [ 23 ]. A few studies have been conducted on adult women to analyze that relationship [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. However, systematic reviews about this topic included only adult women [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Nutrient Intake, Eating Habits, and Its Association with Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring’s Birth Weight in Pregnant Adolescents

et al. 2022

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Pregnant adolescents’ diet and eating habits are inadequate; however, their association with gestational weight gain (GWG) is uncertain. We aimed to analyze whether there is an association between dietary and nutrient intake and eating habits with GWG among pregnant adolescents and their offspring’s birth weight. A longitudinal study was performed with 530 participants. We assessed GWG and applied several tools, such as a food frequency questionnaire and 24-h recall, to obtain dietary and nutrient intake and eating habits. The birth weight of adolescents’ offspring was registered. Later, we performed crude and adjusted Poisson models. The mean age was 15.8 ± 1.3 years. Of all food groups, the lowest frequency of adequate intake corresponded to vegetables (7%) and legumes (10.2%). Excessive (36.8%) and insufficient (40.9%) GWG were observed. Pregnant adolescents with inadequate legumes intake increased the probability of excessive GWG: (PR 1.86 95% CI 1.00–3.44). Cereals and grains were positively associated with GWG: (PR 1.65, 95% CI 1.18–2.29). Energy, macronutrient intake, and eating habits were not associated with GWG. Offspring’s small gestational age (SGA) increased when pregnant adolescents had inadequate sugar-sweetened beverages intake: PR (1.58, 95% CI 1.01–2.49) and when pregnant adolescent watched television (TV). In our sample of Mexican adolescents, dietary and nutrient intake and eating habits were inadequate. Excessive dietary intake from cereals, grains, and animal-sourced foods along with insufficient legumes were associated with excessive GWG. Watching TV while adolescents ate was associated with the birth weight of the offspring.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Nutrient Intake, Eating Habits, and Its Association with Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring’s Birth Weight in Pregnant Adolescents

et al. 2022

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“…Conversely, carbohydrate intake at 27 weeks of gestation was associated with reduced GWG in all BMI groups [ 120 ], supported by a systematic review of observational studies [ 101 ]. A study by Rugină et al [ 121 ], however, reported no significant association between a carbohydrate-based diet and GWG.…”

Section: The Association Of Diet and Physical Activity With Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cross-sectional analysis of 224 pregnant women in the US reported a positive association between GWG and animal fat but not vegetable fat intake [ 120 ]. With regard to protein and excessive GWG, studies have reported either no [ 106 , 118 ], inverse [ 121 ] or positive associations [ 120 ]. With regard to carbohydrate, women with high carbohydrate intake (430–629 g/day) during the second trimester had greater GWG (2.3 kg; 95% CI 0.43, 4.08) [ 122 ] than women with low carbohydrate intake (229–429 g/day).…”

Section: The Association Of Diet and Physical Activity With Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity with Weight Gain and Weight Gain Prevention in Women of Reproductive Age

Awoke

Skouteris

Makama

et al. 2021

JCM

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Reproductive-age women often see increased weight gain, which carries an increased risk of long-term overweight and obesity and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Supporting women to achieve optimal weight through lifestyle modification (diet and physical activity) is of critical importance to reduce weight gain across key reproductive life-stages (preconception, pregnancy and postpartum). This review comprehensively summarizes the current state of knowledge on the contribution of diet and physical activity to weight gain and weight gain prevention in reproductive-aged women. Suboptimal diets including a higher proportion of discretionary choices or energy intake from fats, added sugars, sweets or processed foods are associated with higher weight gain, whereas increased consumption of core foods including fruits, vegetables and whole grains and engaging in regular physical activity are associated with reduced weight gain in reproductive age women. Diet and physical activity contributing to excessive gestational weight gain are well documented. However, there is limited research assessing diet and physical activity components associated with weight gain during the preconception and postpartum period. This review highlights the need for further research to identify key dietary and physical activity components targeting the critical windows of reproductive life-stages in women to best guide interventions to prevent weight gain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 Negative nutritional balance during pregnancy may increase the risk of several adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction, particularly in populations that experience adverse socioeconomic conditions. 7 Furthermore, nutritional excesses may increase the risk for excessive maternal weight gain [8][9][10] which, in turn, has been associated with several adverse neonatal outcomes including low Apgar score, hypoglycemia, polycythemia, meconium aspiration syndrome, and large-for-gestational age. 11,12 Studies in several countries and socioeconomic backgrounds have shown that women with higher income and education levels tend to have a healthy dietary pattern, which comprises of the intake of green leafy vegetables, legumes, fruits, milk and dairy products, red meat, and chicken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Associations Between Maternal Socioeconomic Factors and Adequacy of Energy and Macronutrient Intakes in Pregnant Women From Yucatan, Mexico

et al. 2022

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Background: Socioeconomic factors influence diet quality during pregnancy. However, dearth of evidence about the influence on energy and macronutrients adequacy calls for research. Objective: To analyze the association between socioeconomic factors and adequacy rates of energy and macronutrients intakes in pregnant women from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Methods: During September to December 2019, we applied a socioeconomic questionnaire and three 24-hour dietary recalls to 83 pregnant females resident in Merida, Yucatan. Energy and macronutrient intakes were compared with the estimated trimester-specific energy and macronutrient requirements to calculate adequacies (%). Outcome variables were average adequacy of energy, carbohydrates, total fat, and protein intakes and the main predictors were maternal education, monthly family income, working status, and marital status. Descriptive statistics of adequacy were calculated for each category of predictors. The association between socioeconomic factors and outcome variables was analyzed through simple and multiple linear regression models. Results: Adequacy rates of energy and macronutrients decreased as education and familial income levels increased, as well as among unemployed women. Consistently with these results, simple linear regressions showed that years of education, family income, and working status (i.e., women working to earn money), were negatively associated with adequacy rates of energy and macronutrients intakes. When all predictors and covariates were included in a multiple linear regression model, only having a job was significantly associated with adequacy rates. Marital status was not associated with outcomes. Conclusions: Women in disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions (unemployed and low levels of education and familial income) show greater energy and macronutrient intakes.

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Relationships between excessive gestational weight gain and energy and macronutrient intake in pregnant women

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Dietary and Nutrient Intake, Eating Habits, and Its Association with Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring’s Birth Weight in Pregnant Adolescents

Dietary and Nutrient Intake, Eating Habits, and Its Association with Maternal Gestational Weight Gain and Offspring’s Birth Weight in Pregnant Adolescents

The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity with Weight Gain and Weight Gain Prevention in Women of Reproductive Age

The Associations Between Maternal Socioeconomic Factors and Adequacy of Energy and Macronutrient Intakes in Pregnant Women From Yucatan, Mexico

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