Relationships between gut microbiota, plasma glucose and gestational diabetes mellitus

Chen, Ting; Zhang, Yuqing; Zhang, Yiyun; Shan, Chunjian; Zhang, Yingying; Fang, Kacey; Xia, Yankai; Shi, Zhonghua

doi:10.1111/jdi.13373

Cited by 43 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…From the results, when compared to the healthy controls, intestinal microbial richness and diversity measured by alpha diversity indexes were both lower in the GDM group, although the differences were not significant. This was consistent with the result of a recent published study by Chen T et al They compared the gut microbial profiles of 110 GDM patients and 220 normal pregnant women in the second trimester and revealed a lower alpha diversity in GDM patients [34]. However, the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, which showed the richest levels in the GDM group in our study, was enriched in normoglycemic pregnant women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differences in the oral and intestinal microbiotas in pregnant women varying in periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: The present study aimed to investigate the potential association between oral and intestinal microbiotas of pregnant women with periodontitis and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the second trimester. Methods: Four groups were defined: periodontitis (n = 28), GDM (n = 7), periodontitis + GDM (n = 7), and periodontitis-and GDM-free controls (n = 27). The oral and intestinal microbiomes were analyzed using the 16S rRNA sequencing technique. Results: Periodontitis alone significantly decreased the oral microbial diversity (by Shannon index, p = 0.003) and changed the structure of the oral microbial community (by AMOVA, p 0.001). GDM alone significantly increased the oral microbial diversity (by Shannon index, p = 0.049), and when combined with periodontitis, GDM significantly decreased the intestinal microbial richness (by observed species, p = 0.018) and influenced the structure of intestinal microbial community (by AMOVA, p = 0.043). The differentially abundant microbial taxa among different groups in both oral and intestinal samples were identified by LEfSe analysis, and limited taxa showed consistent trends. The numbers and ratios of oral-intestinal shared operational taxonomical units were the least in the periodontitis + GDM group. Conclusions: A close relationship between the oral microbiota and pregnant periodontitis was shown. Significant changes occur in both the oral and intestinal microbiomes when periodontitis was coupled with GDM. A separate influence of periodontitis and GDM on the oral and intestinal microbiotas may be indicated.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differences in the oral and intestinal microbiotas in pregnant women varying in periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2021

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…With progression of pregnancy, a drift towards GM features associated with obesity, IR, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and a proinflammatory states occurs 5,23 . G15/19 stages accompanied similar changes, including specifically a rise in the family Lachnospiraceae 27,39,41 and the genera: Sutterella from phylum Proteobacteria 42 , Staphylococcus from phylum Firmicutes 7 , Aneroplasma from phylum Tenericutes 43 and a decline in Bacteriodes 41 . Corroborating earlier findings, transfer of G15 or T3 gut microbes to pseudo-GF mice elicited aspects of gut inflammation and a mild IR 5 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Gestational insulin resistance is mediated by the gut microbiome-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis

Priyadarshini

Navarro

Reiman³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background and aims: Normal gestation involves reprogramming of maternal gut microbiome (GM) that may contribute to maternal metabolic changes by unclear mechanisms. This study aimed to understand the mechanistic underpinnings of GM maternal metabolism interaction. Methods: The GM and plasma metabolome of CD1, NIH Swiss and C57BL/6J mice were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted LC-MS throughout gestation and postpartum. Pharmacologic and genetic knockout mouse models were used to identify the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in pregnancy-associated insulin resistance (IR). Involvement of gestational GM in the process was studied using fecal microbial transplants (FMT). Results: Significant variation in gut microbial alpha diversity occurred throughout pregnancy. Enrichment in gut bacterial taxa was mouse strain and pregnancy time-point specific, with species enriched at gestation day 15/19 (G15/19), a point of heightened IR, distinct from those enriched pre- or post-pregnancy. Untargeted and targeted metabolomics revealed elevated plasma kynurenine at G15/19 in all three mouse strains. IDO1, the rate limiting enzyme for kynurenine production, had increased intestinal expression at G15, which was associated with mild systemic and gut inflammation. Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of IDO1 inhibited kynurenine levels and reversed pregnancy-associated IR. FMT revealed that IDO1 induction and local kynurenine levels effects on IR derive from the GM in both mouse and human pregnancy. Conclusions: GM changes accompanying pregnancy shift IDO1 dependent tryptophan metabolism toward kynurenine production, intestinal inflammation and gestational IR, a phenotype reversed by genetic deletion or inhibition of IDO1.

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“…51 Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 belongs to Ruminococcaceae, and both sulfonamides and tetracyclines can reduce its abundance. Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, both belonging to Firmicutes, are dominant bacteria in energy metabolism, which decomposes dietary fiber to produce butyrate; 52 they have been found to be negatively correlated with 1-hour blood glucose levels in an oral glucose tolerance test 53 and positively correlated with serum leptin levels. 44 This study explored the environmental exposure of pregnant women to ABX through accidental ingestion by examining the approximate concentration of ABX in their plasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of exposure to antibiotics on the gut microbiome and biochemical indexes of pregnant women

Gan

et al. 2021

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionExposure to antibiotics (ABX) during pregnancy can have a systematic effect on both fetal and maternal health. Although previous biomonitoring studies have indicated the effects on children of extensive exposure to ABX, studies on pregnant women remain scarce. To explore the effect on pregnant women of environmental exposure to ABX through accidental ingestion and identify potential health risks, the present study investigated 122 pregnant women in East China between 2019 and 2020.Research design and methodsThe presence of six categories of ABX (quinolones, sulfonamides, lincosamides, tetracyclines, amide alcohol ABX, and β-lactams) in plasma samples taken from the pregnant women was investigated using an ABX kit and a time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay.ResultsAll six ABX were detected in the plasma, with a detection rate of 17.2%. It was discovered that the composition of intestinal flora in pregnant women exposed to ABX was different from that of pregnant women who had not been exposed to ABX. The intestinal flora of pregnant women exposed to ABX also changed at both the phylum and genus levels, and several genera almost disappeared. Furthermore, the metabolic levels of glucose and insulin and the alpha diversity of pregnant women exposed to ABX were higher than those of pregnant women not exposed to ABX.ConclusionPregnant women are potentially at higher risk of adverse microbial effects. Glucose metabolism and insulin levels were generally higher in pregnant women exposed to ABX than in unexposed women. Also, the composition and color of the gut microbiome changed.

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Relationships between gut microbiota, plasma glucose and gestational diabetes mellitus

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Differences in the oral and intestinal microbiotas in pregnant women varying in periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions

Differences in the oral and intestinal microbiotas in pregnant women varying in periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus conditions

Gestational insulin resistance is mediated by the gut microbiome-indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis

Effect of exposure to antibiotics on the gut microbiome and biochemical indexes of pregnant women

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