“…Different studies have documented positive correlations between the need for cognition and measures of crystallized intelligence (meta‐analytic r = .35, Ackerman & Heggestad, 1997). Need for cognition has been shown to be correlated with knowledge and verbal ability (Tidwell, Sadowski, & Pate, 2000), as well as with academic performance (Preckel et al , 2006; Wilhelm, Schulze, Schmiedek, & Süß, 2003). A study by Dwyer (2008) found need for cognition to be significantly related to GPA ( r = .31) and self‐reported grades ( r = .27) (see also von Stumm, Hell, & Chamorro‐Premuzic, 2011).…”