Relationships between Photosynthetic Capacity and Leaf Structure in Several Shade Plants

Araus, José Luís; Alegre, Leonor; Tapia, Luis; Calafell, R.; Serret, María Dolores

doi:10.2307/2444243

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Higher PPFD during micropropagation is associated with substantially higher air temperatures inside the tubes with respect to those outside (Serret et al, 1996) and therefore presumably with higher rates of transpiration (Tanaka et al, 1992;Fujiwara and Kozai 1995). This in turn may result in plantlets in vitro expressing certain xerophytic or light-acclimatized traits (Desjardins, 1995;Serret et al, 1996;Trillas et al, 1995), similar to those reported for leaves ex vitro (Araus et al, 1986;Araus and Hogan, 1994). Such morphophysiological characteristics would further improve acclimation to ex vitro conditions.…”

Section: H-suc Ls-mentioning

confidence: 53%

The effect of different closure types, light, and sucrose concentrations on carbon isotope composition and growth ofGardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation and subsequent acclimationex vitro

Serret

Trillas

Matas

et al. 1997

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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The growth of Gardeniajasminoides Ellis plantlets and the development of photoautotrophy during two successive culture stages (shoot multiplication and root induction) in vitro was analyzed. We examined the effects of changes in growth conditions (type of tube closure, light, and sugar levels) on the development of photoautotrophy and growth during micropropagation and sought to establish whether they affected later acclimation to conditions ex vitro. During the two stages in vitro, plantlets were grown in tubes under two different PPFD (50 and 110/zmol m -2 s -l), in media with three different sucrose concentrations (0, 1.5, and 3.0%, w/v) and with two different CO2 levels inside the tubes (controlled by either tightly closed caps or loosely sealed caps, and with an external CO2 concentration of 750 #mol tool-l). The development of photoautotrophy was assessed by determining the difference between the stable carbon isotope composition (~13C) of sugar cane sucrose used as a heterotrophic carbon source and that of leaflets grown in vitro. Plantlets from the root-induction stage showed a more highly developed photoautotrophy than those from the shoot-multiplication stage. At both stages, utilization of closed caps was the treatment which most stimulated development of photoautotrophy in plantlets. Also, lowering PPFD or sucrose concentration induced a greater degree of photoautotrophic development, the strongest effect being observed in plantlets cultured inside loosely sealed tubes. During acclimation ex vitro, plantlets taken from loosely sealed tubes in vitro performed better than those cultured inside tightly sealed tubes. The former, as well as recording a larger increase in fresh weight during this stage, also showed more negative 613C in the newly developed leaves, which would seem to indicate a better water status during acclimation. Present results validate the usefulness of ~13C analysis of leaflets as a simple technique in assessing the development of photoautotrophy during culture in vitro. In addition, ~13C analysis can be extended to evaluate growth conditions during acclimation to ex vitro conditions.Abbreviations: LS-T -culture in loosely-sealed tubes under an external CO2 concentration of 750 #mol mol-1; TS-T -culture in tightly-sealed tubes at external CO2 concentration of 750 #mol m o l -I ; A -stable carbon isotope discrimination; ~13C -ratio of 13c/lZc relative to PeeDee belemnite standard; MS medium-Murashige and Skoog medium; Pi/Pa -ratio of intercellular to atmospheric partial pressure of CO2; PPFD -photosynthetic photon flux density; L-PPFD -culture with 504-5 #tool m -2 s -l PPFD; H-PPFD -culture with 110+10 #tool m -2 s -1 PPFD; N-Suc -medium with no sucrose; L-Suc -medium with 0.5% sucrose; H-Suc -medium with 3% sucrose; IAAindole-3-acetic acid; BA -N6-benzyladenine

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Section: H-suc Ls-mentioning

confidence: 53%

The effect of different closure types, light, and sucrose concentrations on carbon isotope composition and growth ofGardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation and subsequent acclimationex vitro

Serret

Trillas

Matas

et al. 1997

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…In Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae), for example, S D was positively correlated with net photosynthesis and biomass production (Walton 1974;Araus et al 1986;Kundu and Tigerstedt 1998). Also in Populus spp S D was positively correlated with stomatal conductance (Pearce et al 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Density, size and distribution of stomata in 35 rainforest tree species in Central Amazonia

Camargo

Marenco

2011

Acta Amaz.

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Stomata are turgor-operated valves that control water loss and CO 2 uptake during photosynthesis, and thereby water relation and plant biomass accumulation is closely related to stomatal functioning. The aims of this work were to document how stomata are distributed on the leaf surface and to determine if there is any significant variation in stomatal characteristics among Amazonian tree species, and finally to study the relationship between stomatal density (S D ) and tree height. Thirty five trees (>17 m tall) of different species were selected. Stomatal type, density (S D ), size (S S ) and stomatal distribution on the leaf surface were determined using nail polish imprints taken from both leaf surfaces. Irrespective of tree species, stomata were located only on the abaxial surface (hypostomaty), with large variation in both S D and S S among species. S D ranged from 110 mm -2 in Neea altissima to 846 mm -2 in Qualea acuminata. However, in most species S D ranges between 271 and 543 mm -2 , with a negative relationship between S D and S S . We also found a positive relationship between S D and tree height (r 2 = 0.14, p < 0.01), but no correlation was found between S D and leaf thickness. The most common stomatal type was anomocytic (37%), followed by paracytic (26%) and anisocytic (11%). We conclude that in Amazonian tree species, stomatal distribution on the leaf surface is a response most likely dependent on the genetic background of every species, rather than a reaction to environmental changes, and that somehow S D is influenced by environmental factors dependent on tree height. Keywords: Amazonia, hypostomatous leaves, stomatal density, stomatal length, tropical rainforest. Densidade, tamanho e distribuição estomática em 35 espécies de árvores na Amazônia Central resumoEstômatos são válvulas operadas a turgor que controlam a perda de água e a captura de CO 2 durante a fotossíntese. Assim, as relações hídricas e o acumulo de biomassa vegetal são fortemente influenciadas pelo funcionamento estomático. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: documentar como os estômatos estão distribuídos na superfície foliar e determinar se existe variação das características estomáticas entre espécies da Amazônia, estudar a relação entre densidade estomática (S D ) e altura arbórea. Trinta e cinco árvores (>17 m de altura) de diferentes espécies foram selecionadas. Tipo de complexo estomático, S D , tamanho (S S ) e distribuição na superfície foliar foram determinados utilizando impressões de ambas as superfícies foliares com esmalte incolor. Independente da espécie, os estômatos foram encontrados apenas na superfície abaxial (hipoestomatia) com ampla variação na S D e no S S entre espécies. A densidade estomática variou de 110 mm -2 em Neea altissima a 846 mm -2 em Qualea acuminata. Entretanto, a maioria das espécies apresentou S D entre 271 e 543 mm -2 , com uma relação negativa entre S D e S S. Observou-se uma relação positiva entre S D e altura arbórea (r 2 = 0.14, p < 0.01), não havendo relação entre S D e espess...

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“…Embora a correlação positiva entre a densidade estomática e a assimilação de CO 2 seja baixa, esses resultados concordam com as observações de Abrams et al (1994), segundo os quais a densidade estomática geralmente está positivamente relacionada com as trocas gasosas (Araus et al 1986), pois o aumento da densidade está associado com maior condutância estomática (Boardman 1977;E.M. Castro, comunic.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Plasticidade anatômica das folhas de Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel (Annonaceae)

et al. 2005

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RESUMO -(Plasticidade anatômica das folhas de Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel (Annonaceae)). A anatomia foliar do gênero Xylopia ainda é pouco explorada. A espécie Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel, vulgarmente conhecida como pindaíba, ocorre tanto em mata primária como em vegetação modificada num amplo espectro de condições ambientais. O presente estudo descreve algumas características anatômicas da folha de X. brasiliensis e avalia quantitativamente o limbo foliar em função das diferenças ambientais, sazonais e de estatura das plantas. Verificou-se que a espécie apresenta plasticidade anatômica.Palavras-chave : anatomia foliar, sombreamento, pindaíba, mata secundária, sub-bosque ABSTRACT -(Leaf anatomical plasticity of Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel (Annonaceae)). Leaf anatomy of Xylopia is still poorly explored. The species Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel, commonly known as pindaíba occurs in primary forest and in modified vegetation in a wide range of environmental conditions. The present study describes some leaf anatomical characteristics of this species and quantitatively evaluates them in function of environmental, seasonal and plant height differences. This species has anatomical plasticity.

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Relationships between Photosynthetic Capacity and Leaf Structure in Several Shade Plants

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of different closure types, light, and sucrose concentrations on carbon isotope composition and growth ofGardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation and subsequent acclimationex vitro

The effect of different closure types, light, and sucrose concentrations on carbon isotope composition and growth ofGardenia jasminoides plantlets during micropropagation and subsequent acclimationex vitro

Density, size and distribution of stomata in 35 rainforest tree species in Central Amazonia

Plasticidade anatômica das folhas de Xylopia brasiliensis Sprengel (Annonaceae)

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