Relationships between renal morphology and diet in 26 species of new world bats (suborder microchiroptera)

Casotti, Giovanni; Flores, Julián; Mancina, Carlos A.; Braun, Eldon J.

doi:10.1016/j.zool.2006.03.003

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The range of the body temperature of P. poeyi while in flight is 31-41uC (Silva 1979). Similar to other phytophagous bats, the renal index of relative medullary thickness from 5 individuals of P. poeyi from Cuba was 5.7 6 1.9 SD (Casotti et al 2006).…”

Section: Form and Functionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Phyllonycteris poeyi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Mancina

2010

Mammalian Species

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Section: Form and Functionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Phyllonycteris poeyi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Mancina

2010

Mammalian Species

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“…Vizcaíno, De Iuliis & Bargo, 1998; Beck, 2009; Tseng & Wang, 2010). Other important trophic adaptations are correlated with soft‐tissue morphologies that can be studied by dissection or histology (Crowe & Hume, 1997; Chivers & Hladik, 1980; Casotti et al , 2006). Some key trophic adaptations, however, might be exclusively molecular, requiring biochemical methods for their study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snake‐venom resistance as a mammalian trophic adaptation: lessons from didelphid marsupials

Voss

Jansa

2012

Biological Reviews

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Mammals that prey on venomous snakes include several opossums (Didelphidae), at least two hedgehogs (Erinaceidae), several mongooses (Herpestidae), several mustelids, and some skunks (Mephitidae). As a group, these taxa do not share any distinctive morphological traits. Instead, mammalian adaptations for ophiophagy seem to consist only in the ability to resist the toxic effects of snake venom. Molecular mechanisms of venom resistance (as indicated by biochemical research on opossums, mongooses, and hedgehogs) include toxin-neutralizing serum factors and adaptive changes in venom-targeted molecules. Of these, toxin-neutralizing serum factors have received the most research attention to date. All of the toxin-neutralizing serum proteins discovered so far in both opossums and mongooses are human α1B-glycoprotein homologs that inhibit either snake-venom metalloproteinases or phospholipase A(2) myotoxins. By contrast, adaptive changes in venom-targeted molecules have received far less attention. The best-documented examples include amino-acid substitutions in mongoose nicotinic acetylcholine receptor that inhibit binding by α-neurotoxins, and amino-acid substitutions in opossum von Willebrand factor (vWF) that are hypothesized to weaken the bond between vWF and coagulopathic C-type lectins. Although multiple mechanisms of venom resistance are known from some species, the proteomic complexity of most snake venoms suggests that the evolved biochemical defences of ophiophagous mammals are likely to be far more numerous than currently recognized. Whereas most previous research in this field has been motivated by the potential for medical applications, venom resistance in ophiophagous mammals is a complex adaptation that merits attention from comparative biologists. Unfortunately, evolutionary inference is currently limited by ignorance about many relevant facts that can only be provided by future research.

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“…While rate of food ingestion appears not to play a key role, differences in renal morphology among these species may be one of the primary mechanisms behind their differential tolerance to water deprivation and their response to habitat fragmentation. The RMT index can be used to estimate maximum urine concentrating ability, as ascertained by several authors (Beuchat, , ; Al‐Kahtani et al, ; Diaz et al, ; Casotti et al, ; Coleman and Downs, ). We found a statistically significant phylogenetic signal for RMT in rodents, a result previously reported by other authors (Brooker and Withers, ; Al‐Kahtani et al, ; Diaz et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several authors have pointed out that RMT declines with increasing body mass in mammals (Beuchat, , ; Al‐Kahtani et al, ; Casotti et al, ). The species with highest body mass in this study ( E. russatus ) was indeed the species with the lowest RMT values, and therefore had a lower ability to concentrate urine than did A. montensis and O. nigripes .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sagittal section was then made from the right kidney (if a complete sagittal section could not be made, the left kidney was used) and, using a stereoscopic microscope, the cortex thickness (Ct) and outer and inner zones of the medulla were distinguished. The medullar thickness (Mt) was calculated as the sum of the values of the outer and inner medulla, and the Relative Medullary Thickness (RMT = 10 × medullar thickness/kidney volume 1/3 ) index was calculated (Al‐Kahtani et al, ; Casotti et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in physiological traits associated with water balance among rodents, and their relationship to tolerance of habitat fragmentation

Castellar

Bertoli

Galdino³

et al. 2015

J. Exp. Zool.

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Physiological concepts and tools can help us to understand why organisms and populations respond to habitat fragmentation in the way they do, and allow us to determine the mechanisms or individual characteristics underlying this differential sensitivity. Here, we examine food intake, relative medullary thickness and distribution/expression of water channel aquaporin-1 in three species of South American rodents that have been reported to have different levels of tolerance to habitat fragmentation (Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, and Euryoryzomys russatus), using a classic water deprivation experiment to assess their abilities to cope with water shortage. We believe the mechanisms underlying this differential sensitivity are related to the organisms' capacities to maintain water balance, and therefore the species more tolerant to habitat fragmentation (A. montensis and O. nigripes) should have a higher capacity to maintain water balance. We found that A. montensis and O. nigripes were more tolerant to water deprivation than E. russatus, and this difference appears to be unrelated to differences in food ingestion rate. O. nigripes showed the highest values for RMT, followed by A. montensis and E. russatus. However all species showed RMT values that were 2.2% to 14.1% below the lower prediction limit when compared to other rodents through allometric relationships. Water deprivation seems to trigger changes in the distribution of aquaporin-1, mostly for O. nigripes and E. russatus, which may contribute to water balance maintenance. Our data suggest that these intrinsic physiological differences among these species could provide a mechanism for their differential tolerance of habitat fragmentation. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 731-744, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Relationships between renal morphology and diet in 26 species of new world bats (suborder microchiroptera)

Cited by 15 publications

References 33 publications

Phyllonycteris poeyi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Phyllonycteris poeyi (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Snake‐venom resistance as a mammalian trophic adaptation: lessons from didelphid marsupials

Differences in physiological traits associated with water balance among rodents, and their relationship to tolerance of habitat fragmentation

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