Relationships between salmonella spp and indicator microorganisms in polluted natural waters

Moriñigo, Miguel A.; Córnax, Roberto; Muñoz, M.; Romero, P.; Borrego, Juan J.

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(90)90073-f

Cited by 50 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This distribution agrees with the ¢nd-ings of other authors [5,6]. Table 1 shows indicator concentrations in samples positive and negative for Salmonella.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…There is general agreement that Salmonella is present at high densities of indicator organisms [5^8]. However, detection of Salmonella in the absence of indicators of faecal pollution has also been reported [6,7]. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated an increasing relative risk of gastroenteritis for bathers exposed to as few as 20 CFU (100 ml) 3I [9] or 35 CFU (100 ml) 3I [3,10] of faecal streptococci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between presence of Salmonella and indicators of faecal pollution in aquatic habitats

Polo¹

1998

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The presence of Salmonella and its relationship with indicators of faecal pollution was investigated in aquatic habitats. The highest frequency was obtained in rivers (58.7% of samples) followed by freshwater reservoirs (14.8%) and sea water (5.9%). The sporadic presence of Salmonella ( 6 30%) on beaches with low concentrations of faecal streptococci (mean 25 CFU (100 ml) 3I ) may represent a potential risk for bathers in agreement with data found in previous epidemiological studies. Absence of Salmonella was observed only on beaches with very low densities (CFU (100 ml) 3I ) of indicator organisms (25 total coliforms, 13 faecal coliforms and 17 faecal streptococci). z 1998 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.

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“…This distribution agrees with the ¢nd-ings of other authors [5,6]. Table 1 shows indicator concentrations in samples positive and negative for Salmonella.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between presence of Salmonella and indicators of faecal pollution in aquatic habitats

Polo¹

1998

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…McCambridge and McMeekin (1981) clearly showed that E. coli is more susceptible to light-induced decay and predation than S. typhimurium and other enteric bacteria, which may be a contributing factor to the poor correlation observed in this study. Although it was not observed in water samples tested in this study, pathogens have been detected in waters that have been considered safe on the basis of coliform bacteria (Morinigo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Optimisation of the PCR-invA primers for the detection of Salmonella in drinking and surface waters following a pre-cultivation step

Moganedi¹,

Goyvaerts²,

Venter³

et al. 2009

WSA

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A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for the detection of Salmonella species in water samples was optimised and evaluated for speed, specificity and sensitivity. Optimisation of Mg 2+ and primer concentrations and cycling parameters increased the sensitivity and limit of detection of PCR to 2.6 x 10 4 cfu/mℓ. A 6h non-selective pre-enrichment step further increased the limit of detection to 26 cfu/mℓ. Out of 14 different Salmonella strains tested, only two, Salmonella arizonae and Salmonella pullorum, did not give positive amplification results with primers homologous to a conserved region of the invA gene. When environmental and drinking waters were assessed, a non-selective pre-enrichment step was included to increase the detection efficiency of PCR. The PCR method demonstrated specificity in the presence of other competing micro-organisms as confirmed by the conventional culture method. No false positives or negatives were observed when household and environmental water samples were tested by invA-PCR analysis parallel to the culture method.

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“…There remains some debate on whether fecal indicator bacteria are the best surrogates for Salmonella in receiving waters, mostly centering on the occasional recovery of viable Salmonella from waters in which coliforms or enterococci are absent (Morinigo et al 1990;Polo et al 1998). Results from the present study suggest that, while the average fraction of settleable bacteria is roughly equivalent for these bacteria and Salmonella in Northeast Creek, further work will be required to more thoroughly characterize Salmonella partitioning and resolve current uncertainties.…”

Section: Particle Associationmentioning

confidence: 72%

Comparison of the presence and partitioning behavior of indicator organisms and Salmonella spp. in an urban watershed

Krometis

Characklis

Drummey

et al. 2009

Journal of Water and Health

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The appropriateness of indicator organisms as surrogates for human pathogens in water quality modeling is dependent on similarities in both presence and transport behavior; however, very little data relating indicator and bacterial pathogen transport behavior in receiving waters is available. In this study observations of presence, partitioning behavior (i.e. association with settleable particles) and removal by upland detention basins were used to assess the suitability of six indicator organisms as surrogates for Salmonella spp. bacteria in an urban watershed.The fecal indicator bacteria (fecal coliforms, E. coli and enterococci) were most closely correlated with Salmonella in terms of presence and partitioning behavior (25-35% associated with settleable particles on average); however, further resolution of the variability associated with Salmonella partitioning is required. Higher removal of particle-associated microbes relative to the total microbial concentration by the detention ponds suggests that sedimentation may be an important removal mechanism. However, large fluctuations in pond performance between storm events and occasional net microbial exports in effluents indicate that these best management practices (BMPs), as currently implemented, will be unlikely to achieve water quality objectives.

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Relationships between salmonella spp and indicator microorganisms in polluted natural waters

Cited by 50 publications

References 13 publications

Relationship between presence of Salmonella and indicators of faecal pollution in aquatic habitats

Relationship between presence of Salmonella and indicators of faecal pollution in aquatic habitats

Optimisation of the PCR-invA primers for the detection of Salmonella in drinking and surface waters following a pre-cultivation step

Comparison of the presence and partitioning behavior of indicator organisms and Salmonella spp. in an urban watershed

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